茶园不同施肥方式对土壤化学性质的影响

摘要

In this study, ten fertilization methods were designed , namely manual surface fertilization (treatment T1 ), manual ditching fertilization ( T2 ) , mechanical rotary plowing 10-cm-depth fertilization ( T3 ) , mechanical intermediate ploughing 10-cm-depth fertilization ( T4 ) , mechanical intermediate ploughing 20-cm-depth fertilization ( T5 ) , mechanical bilateral rotary plowing 10-cm-depth fertilization ( T6 ) , mechanical bilateral rotary plowing 20-cm-depth fertilization ( T7 ) , 10-cm-depth rotary plowing without fertilization ( T8 ) , 10-cm-depth ploughing without fertilization ( T9 ) , and 10-cm-depth bilateral rotary plowing without fertilization ( T10 ) , and the effects of different fertilization methods on soil chemical properties of tea garden were in -vestigated.The results showed that the mechanical bilateral rotary plowing fertilization significantly increased the content of inorganic nitrogen in the soil samples 15~35 cm away from tea stems , and mechanical rotary plowing obviously enhanced the content of inor -ganic nitrogen in deep -layer soil.The soil available potassium content in treatments T 1, T2 and T3 was higher, and that in treat-ment T1 was the most stable , while that in treatment T 4 was the lowest .The soil available phosphorus content in treatments T 7 , T8 , T9 and T10 was higher, while that in treatments T3, T4, T5 and T6 was lower.%设人工撒施、人工开沟施肥、机械旋耕施肥、机械中间犁耕施肥深10 cm、机械中间犁耕施肥深20 cm、机械双侧旋耕施肥深10 cm、机械双侧旋耕施肥深20 cm、不施肥旋耕、不施肥中间犁耕、不施肥双侧旋耕10个处理，研究了3种不同施肥方式对茶园土壤化学性质的影响。结果表明：机械双侧旋耕施肥显著增加了行间15～35 cm范围土壤的无机氮含量，机械旋耕使深层土壤无机氮含量明显增加；人工撒施、人工开沟施肥、机械旋施处理土壤有效钾含量均较高，其中人工撒施处理有效钾含量最稳定，机械中间犁耕施肥深10 cm处理效果最差；土壤有效磷含量以机械双侧旋耕施肥深20 cm、3个不施肥处理最高，机械旋耕、机械中间犁耕施肥深10 cm、机械中间犁耕施肥深20 cm、机械双侧旋耕施肥深10 cm处理较低。