Softening of sisal fibers to improve hand characteristics for the production of textiles.

摘要

Sisal, a cellulosic fiber from leaves, is used in the production of handicraft items by rural women in Swaziland. Expanded use of the fiber has been limited by its harsh hand characteristics. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of alkali degumming on the physical properties of sisal fibers, and subsequently produced yarns, and woven fabric, and to explore the effects of commercial softeners on hand properties of fabrics from degummed fibers. Further from a panel of Swazi women, potential end uses were identified in order to diversify the use of sisal fibers in value added products.;An experimental design was used in treating fibers using five NaOH concentrations. Treated fibers were spun into yarns using traditional methods. Yarns were later used as filling yarns in a woven fabric with cotton warp yarns. Fibers and yarns were tested for breaking strength, apparent elongation, linear density, and stiffness. In addition, fibers were evaluated for cellulose content using the staining test, and observed for physical changes on the surface. Spun yarns were further assessed for absorbency. The fabrics were tested for breaking strength, apparent elongation, flexural rigidity, and absorbency, and subjective hand evaluations were obtained from a panel of Swazi women.;Results indicated that as NaOH concentration increased, fiber breaking strength and apparent elongation decreased significantly but there was no significant effect on linear density and stress. At the yarn stage, an increase in NaOH concentration resulted in a significant decrease in yarn breaking strength, apparent elongation and linear density, and an increase in absorbency. Fabric from degummed fibers differed significantly from the control fabric in stiffness. There were no differences in panel assessments of hand attributes except for fabric density. Panelists suggested the fabrics could be used for making improved rugs and wall hangings.;Sisal fibers were successfully treated with NaOH to remove lignin, hemicellulose, and other binding materials. Evaluations of fabric hand for treated fabrics were similar to the control fabric. There was a positive response for use of fabrics in other uses.