文学中的女性主义批评观:以弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的《一间自己的屋子》为透视文本

摘要

弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫是西方女性主义批评的理论先驱，她在作品中对父权社会进行了批判，提出以女性的视角重新审视人类的历史，创造一种全新的文明。她的思想和观念给西方女性主义批评以多方面的启迪。作为一位在英国维多利亚时代生活了将近二十年的女性，弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫深深体味到父权制的社会机制对女性的轻视和压制，为了摆脱时代遗留给她的桎梏，她态度坚决的主张要“杀死房中的天使”，真实而自由的书写女性的情感体验，创造女性话语，让女性“成为自己”。她的开创性理论成为后现代女性主义勃兴之源。
　　 本文以《一间自己的屋子》中伍尔夫所反映的女性主义思想及“双性同体观”为切入点，与女性主义批评观、女性话语权及马克思主义女性主义相结合，分析并论证伍尔夫的女性主义思想对现代社会女性争取权利、实现自身价值的意义。本文第一章为文献综述，分别介绍了女性主义的定义和起源、两次女性主义运动浪潮、女性主义的崛起和核心、女性文学批评的发展和主要流派。第二章通过四个小节，介绍了女性文学及女性话语权的变革。第三章为论文的主体部分，主要阐述了女性主义文学批评观，具体论证了伍尔夫女性主义文学批评观，伍尔夫双性同体观在《一间自己的屋子》中的体现，并把两位女性作家——伍尔夫和奥斯汀的女性观做了简单对比。第四章主要阐述了马克思主义女性主义与伍尔夫女性主义的关联之处。最后，论文总结分析了伍尔夫女性主义思想和女性主义在女性文学创作中发挥的巨大作用，说明女性应当独立自强，努力争取自主进行文学创作的机会，及在社会生活的各个方面实现男女平等，实现自身价值。

目录

摘要

Abstract

Table of Contents

Introduction

Chapter One Literature Review

1．1 The Definition and Origins of Feminism

1．1．1 The Definition of Feminism

1．1．2 The Origins of Feminism

1．2 The Two Waves of Feminist Criticism

1．2．1 First Wave Feminist Criticism：Virginia Woolf and Simone de Beauvoir

1．2．2 Second Wave of Feminist Criticism

1．3 The Rise and Core of Feminist Criticism

1．3．1 The Rise of Feminist Criticism

1．3．2 The Core of Feminist Criticism：Sexual Politics

1．4 The Development and Main Schools of Feminist Literary Criticism

1．4．1 The Development of Theory of Feminist Literary Criticism

1．4．2 Main Schools and Representatives of Feminist Literary Criticism

1．5 The Main Fields of Feminist Literary Criticism

1．5．1 Marxist Feminist Literary Criticism

1．5．2 Psychoanalytic Feminist Literary Criticism

1．5．3 Post-colonial Feminist Literary Criticism

1．5．4 Post-modern Feminist Literary Criticism

1．5．5 Post-structuralism Feminist Literary Criticism

1．5．6 Eco-feminism

Chapter Two Feminist Literature and Discourse Revolution

2．1 Speaking to Whom and Speaking with What Kind of Words

2．2 Feminist Literature and Women’s Movement

2．3 Male Discourse in Women’s Works

2．4 Male Discourse that Was Imitated by Women

Chapter Three Virginia Woolf’s Feminist Criticism and Androgyny Embodied in A Room of One’s Own

3．1 A Brief Introduction of A Room of One’s Own

3．2 Virginia Woolf’s Feminist Criticism

3．3 Androgyny of Virginia Woolf

3．4 A Comparison of Feminist Criticism among Feminists

Chapter Four Marxist Feminism

4．1 A Brief Introduction of Marxist Feminism

4．2 Woolf’s Feminism Under the Perspective of Marxist Feminism

4．2．1 Women and Literature

4．2．2 Women and History

4．2．3 Women’s Alienation

4．2．4 Women’s Liberation

4．3 The Relationship between Woolf's View and Marxist Feminism

Conclusion

Works Cited

攻读学位期间的研究成果

Acknowledgments

声明