An Adaptive Routing Algorithm for Grid Wireless Sensor Networks

摘要

This paper presents a method to increase the lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) with grid topologies. In order to achieve this, an adaptive routing algorithm (ARA) was developed. The paths used for routing data are chosen with respect to the residual energy of the sensor nodes. This way, a leveling of energy and a load balance of data in the network are achieved. Tests were performed on an OmNET-H- simulating platform, comparing the proposed algorithm with already existing ones and underling its efficiency. It is also studied the impact on network lifetime of the sink position in the grid. In order to maximize the lifetime of the network, data aggregation techniques based on temporal and spatial correlation were presented. Their impact on the consumed energy was evaluated with ARA, highlighting the advantages of using the routing algorithm together with the data aggregation technique.