Adaptive wireless sensor network and method for routing data in a wireless sensor network

摘要

Method comprising the following steps: Detecting a time related event by a source sensor node of a wireless sensor network comprising a plurality of sensor nodes; Determining a plurality of paths from the source sensor node to a sink of the wireless sensor network, the multiple paths consisting of hops from sensor nodes to sensor nodes; and in response to the step of determining, a step of optimizing a distribution of data packets to each path of the plurality of paths by simultaneously using a processor of the source sensor node (i) the energy consumed by sensor nodes on each path of the plurality of paths and (ii) a time for transmitting the data packets from the source sensor node to the sink, characterized in that the step of optimizing a distribution of data packets comprises: Solving the equation: $\text{Z}=\mathrm{\Sigma }\text{j}\left(2*\mathrm{\Delta }\text{j}*\text{tpj}*\text{hj}*\text{pj}\right)$ with the boundary conditions $\mathrm{\Sigma }\text{j}\mathrm{\Delta }\text{j}=\text{D;}$$\text{Max}\left[\left(\mathrm{\Delta }\text{j}*\mathrm{\tau }\text{j}*\text{hj}*\text{pj}\right)\right]\le \left\{\left[\left(\text{D}*\mathrm{\tau }\text{Rod}*\text{Hstab}*\text{pj}\right)\right]+\left[\text{Max}\left[\text{D / nj}*\mathrm{\Delta }\text{j}*\text{hj}*\text{pj}\right]\right]\right\}/2;$ and $2*\mathrm{\Delta }\text{j}*\text{tpi}+\text{Kr}*\text{Max}\left(\mathrm{\Delta }\text{j}*\mathrm{\tau }\text{j}*\text{hj}*\text{pj}\right)\text{Pjmin;}$ and wherein Z is equal to the objective function; D is equal to the total volume of data to be transferred; $\text{Kr}=\text{nj}*\text{tj;}$ Kr equals the effective energy loss rate of a node due to processing and detection (joules / second); nj is equal to the number of sensor nodes on the jth path; tj is equal to the time the path is used to transmit data packets; $\mathrm{\tau }\text{j}=\text{qj}+1/\text{bj;}$ Tj is the mean delay / packet / hop for the jth path (seconds / packet / hop); qj is equal to the mean queue delay on the jth path; Bj is equal to the bit rate of the jth path (in packets / second); $\text{pj}=2*\mathrm{\Delta }\text{j}*\text{tpj}*\text{Hj;}$ pj is the energy consumed on the jth path; tpj is equal to the transmission energy / packet / hop for the jth path (joule / packet / hop); Δj is equal to the number of data packets transmitted over the jth path; Hj is equal to the number of hops on the jth path; Pjmin is equal to the energy remaining on the jth path to the sensor node with the least amount of residual energy; τstab is equal to the mean delay / packet / hop for the maximum lifetime path (seconds / packet / hop); and Hstab is equal to the number of hop counters for the maximum lifetime path.