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CHANGE OF REGIME OF AIR-SEA DYNAMICS IN EXTREME METOCEAN CONDITIONS

机译:极端地区条件下海运动态制度的变迁

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As a reference point for the extreme Metocean conditions, the hurricane-scale classification is often used: that is a tropical storm becomes a hurricane if the wind speed reaches U~33m/s. In this paper, it is argued that such classification is not arbitrary, and indeed signifies change of the physical regimes in all environments near the air-sea interface: in the atmospheric boundary layer, at the surface, and through the upper ocean. This threshold is approximately the wind speed at which the drag coefficient was found to saturate in the field observations (U10 ≈ 32-33m/s), which saturation has received a lot of attention. Less known are the observations that below the surface, change of the upper-ocean mixing mechanism and of bubble dynamics occur at U10 > 35m/s. Directly at the surface, wave dynamics also undergoes essential transformations, from wave breaking (dissipation) being driven by evolution of non-linear waves, to the breaking being forced directly by the winds, at U10 ≈ 34 m/s. It is therefore argued that the simultaneous change of physical regime in all the three air-sea environments cannot be coincidental, and consequences of the regime change for the Metocean modelling are discussed. As an important byproduct, parameterisation of wave-breaking probability is obtained in terms of the mean symmetry of surface waves. Such parameterisation allows us to estimate frequency of breaking events, based on time series of surface elevations, without explicitly detecting the breaking waves.
机译:作为参考点,为极端海洋气象条件,飓风级分类通常用于:这是一个热带风暴变得如果风速达到U〜33米/ s的飓风。在本文中,有人认为这样的分类不是任意的,实际上标志着海气界面附近的所有环境中的物理机制的变化:在大气边界层,在表面上,并通过上层海洋。此阈值是大致在其阻力系数被发现在实地观察(U10≈32-33m /秒),其饱和度已收到了大量的关注以饱和风速。少是已知的观察,所述表面下方,所述上层海洋的变化混合机构和气泡的动态变化发生在U10>35米/秒。直接在表面上,波动力学也经历必要的变换,从波浪破碎(耗散)通过非线性波的进化被驱动时,以分断直接被迫由风,在U10≈34米/秒。因此有人认为,物理政权的所有三个海气环境的同时改变不能是巧合,以及海洋气象建模政权更迭的影响进行了讨论。作为一个重要的副产物,在表面波的平均值对称的方面能够获得波破概率的参数化。这种参数化允许我们估计突发事件,基于时间序列的表面隆起的频率,而不会显式地检测所述断裂波。

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