Soft Computing Confronting Philosophical and Sociological Critiques to Classical AI

摘要

Artificial Intelligence has been one of the fields within Computer Science that has generated more interest and debates among philosophers. Later on, the most recent field of Science and Technology Studies (STS) also has shown some interest in AI. In both cases most of the authors have been quite critical about the promises, the practices and particularly the epistemological basis of Classical AI. The first part of the paper consists on an enumeration of the most important authors and their critiques to AI in Philosophy and STS studies. Since Soft Computing implies important changes with respect to traditional AI approaches like Symbolic AI, the second part of the paper will be devoted to confront Soft Computing with the critiques and challenges and to weight up to what extent Soft Computing could (or could not) answer differently than other AI approaches regarding the critiques received.