The infiltration of oxygen is unfavorable since it burned away the biomass. Other parameters were also contributed to the production of biochar. The experiments on mangrove wood were conducted using a fixed bed pyrolysis reactor with the temperature range of 300°C to 600°C, oxygen range from 0% to 10% and holding time from 2 hours to 4.4 hours. Response surface methodology (RSM) was implanted for process optimization. There were a significant effect of oxygen percentages and holding time on the production of biochar yield within the range of study. Results show that the optimum biochar yield of 15.2% when the pyrolysis temperature, oxygen percentage, and holding time were 402.5°C, 2.29% and 2 hours respectively. Confirmation experiment showed that 15.1% of biochar yield was obtained with the same pyrolysis parameters which validated the previous optimization.
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