The study of cellular HIV-1 helper factors is very important for understanding HIV-1/host interaction and also for exploring new effective antiviral strategies. Previously, we have developed a shRNA screen in Jurkat cells to identify cellular factors important for HIV-1 replication and we have identified 14 proteins essential for HIV-1 infection. In the present work, we focused on comprehending the impact of these proteins in the HIV-1 life cycle. We found that all proteins are important for HIV-1 entry, but not for integration. Some of the proteins have an additional role in HIV-LTR driven transcription. In addition, the function of DNA-PKcs in HIV-1 replication was also evaluated. We observed that DNA-PKcs play an important role in controlling HIV transcription by influencing the LTR late transcripts.
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