Analytical Study of Temperature Effect on Current and Voltage of Battery at Charging and Discharging Condition on Electric Vehicle

摘要

Electric vehicle uses batteries as an energy source to drive electric motors. Lead-acid battery is a battery used since the first appearance of electric vehicle on the late 1800s. But the battery is heavy, could only travel for short distance and need long time to charge, so people back to using conventional vehicle. This research was conducted to see the relation between battery temperature with battery current and voltage to find the factors that could make batteries perform better. Censors of current, voltage and temperature installed on each battery to monitor the values during charging and discharging in flat and rising road. Mathematical calculations are performed to determine the capacity and voltage values of each battery cell. The result of this research is temperature value increase when batteries supply higher current to electric motor, while voltage is decreasing, also the value of battery capacity has dropped dramatically when the battery temperature exceeds 60°C. By that, to increase battery performance, current that supplies electric motor needs to be limited by adding the gear box, use constant current method for charging and cooling device could be added to certain battery cell that experienced highest temperature rise.