On transient issues in road-tunnel ventilation design and control

摘要

Emergency-ventilation design is frequently based on purely steady-state considerations. This greatly simplifies ventilation analysis and design and is in many cases perfectly adequate. This paper focuses on a number of real-life situations, where steady-state approaches are seriously misleading. The causes include in particular traffic-related effects and the consequences of the interaction between longitudinal slope and heat-release rate. The consequences range from suboptimal ventilation design and control to failure of achieving the ventilation objectives during the most critical phase of emergency management, self-rescue. Consequent time-dependent analysis is recommended as integral part of ventilation design.