Evaluation of the radiative hazard in tunnel fires

摘要

In tunnel fires, the safety of users and fire-fighters may be threatened by the intense radiation from the flames or from the hot smoke at larger distances. The radiative fluxes predicted by CFD codes may seem low compared to the field experience of fire-fighters. This problem is investigated from the physical and numerical standpoints. Simulations are carried out using FDS on two distinct cases. The impact of the mesh density on the predicted fluxes is studied. A simple physical model is compared to the numerical model, then used to assess the influence of certain parameters such as the geometry and the smoke temperature.