Photosynthesis in plants has occurred for millions of years, with delicate spatial and energetic control within chloroplasts. Although recently artificial photosynthesis devices could achieve higher energy conversion efficiency, most of them are bulk devices, which lack the spatial control to confine over-all solar driven water-splitting within the length scales of microns. This spatial control still remains a challenge to fully mimic the photosynthesis and to construct an integrated solar-energy conversion membrane with enhanced energy conversion efficiency. The intent of this work is to demonstrate an artificial nanotree structure, which could achieve this spatial control with spontaneous solar water-splitting.
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