Semi-permanent immunization treatment (S.P.I.T): an alternative treatment for wood packaging materials under ISPM no. 15 in Indonesia

摘要

Wood packaging materials are commonly used in international trade, but they are susceptible to various pest and plant diseases. To reduce reinfestation and the spread of pests, The International Plant Protection Convention (1PPC) has implemented International Standard Phytosanitary Measure No.15 (ISPM No.15) since 2002, regulating the phytosanitary measures of wood packaging materials. Indonesian Government has ratified ISPM No.15 with Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture No. 12, 2009 about the requirement and phytosanitary measure methods for wood packaging materials in Republic of Indonesia. Unfortunately, ISPM No.15 was ratified without considering the facts that ISPM No.15 was developed adjusting to European climate, which is much different from that of Indonesia. Overall, Indonesian climate is more extreme while it needs great investment on infrastructure resources to apply Heat Treatment (HT) and Fumigation to meet ISPM No.15. On the other hand, more than 95% of wood packaging products are still supplied by Non Manufacture Wood Packaging (NMWP). NMWP is supplied by small and medium manufacturer which uses fresh-cut wood materials with moisture content above 80%. Furthermore, work equipments and the quality of human resources are still limited, then it is difficult to implement proper treatment method to meet ISPM No.15. Based on these problems, Semi Permanent Imunization Treatment has been proposed to be an alternative treatment to meet ISPM No.15 for wood packaging material. S.P.I.T method involves quality control of wood packaging product; make-up process; wood packaging treatment by biopesticide product; mark; container clean up and pre-stuffing treatment; and the issue of Semi Permanent Immunization Treatment (S.P.I.T) Certificate.