Various mechanisms may be involved in the enhancement of performance by hypnotics and stimulants. Preceding increase in sleep duration: ultra-short acting hypnotics. Factor(s) other than increased sleep (?excitatory 'rebound'): short acting hypnotics. Direct effect on the adenosine or dopamine systems: alerting compounds. Interactions between the GABAand adenosine systems: synergistic effect of temazepam and caffeine; modulation of the adenosine system then modulating a common pathway that is dopamine transmission.
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