RHINOSTOMY AND TRACHEOSTOMY IN LLAMAS AND ALPACAS

摘要

Tracheotomy usually represents an emergency procedure. Tracheostomy / Rhinostomy may be a necessary procedure for provision of a long term upper airway. Rhinostomy has been used treat and manage crias with choanal atresia.Since camelids are primarilynasal breathers, performance of an emergency tracheotomy may be indicated for camelids with obstruction of the nasal, nasopharyngeal, or upper trachea. Clinical situations include snake envenomation, bilateral laryngeal paralysis, laryngeal swelling, traumatic head injury, drug hypersensitivity, and idiopathic airway obstruction associated with traumatic jugular catheterization. In these situations, a tracheotomy provides a functional, low resistance temporary airway. Tracheotomy performed soon after diagnosis provides relief from anxiety and minimizes risk of aspiration pneumonia in crias affected by choanal atresia.