THE USE OF REMOTE SENSING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND DETERMINATION OF THE AREA AFFECTED BY REFUGEES IN NGARA DISTRICT NORTH WESTERN TANZANIA

摘要

A multi-temporal satellite data along with other collateral information have been used to assess and monitor the environmental changes experienced by the area severely affected by refugees influx in Ngara district which is bordering Rwanda and Burundi countries. Since 1994 approximately 800000 refugees settled in the Ngara district refugee camps which covers the area of a radius of 10 to 15 km circular area around the camps, causing adverse environmental hazards which include, deforestation, soil erosion and water pollution. It was found that Musuhura, Rumasi, Lukole and Benako camps with their surrounding area covering 95000 ha, helped significantly in registering the deforested area in the watersheds. The environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies suggest that the forest loss which occurred during the period of 4 years has reduced forest regeneration for 35percent, indicating that a deforested area will require at least a couple of years to rejuvenate within the respective camps. The analysis of the remote sensed data form the basis for planning for containing environmental impact and sustainable natural resources development planing strategies. The results of the use of satellite imagery shows the effectiveness, cost reduction and due to the use of the technique and especially greater accuracy and reliability.