An important topic in the area of airborne sound propagation is the prediction of sound propagation above an impedance ground with an atmospheric profile whose sound speed varies with height. Even if this problem is simple in concept, it leads to complications for general velocity profiles. This work illustrates the existence of a large class of realistic atmospheric profiles for which analytical solutions exist to be used as benchmark solutions for numerical methods. Spectral finite element results are discussed for sound propagation in a half-space situated above a ground surface impedance.
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