ANTIMITOTIC DRUGS FOR MICROPROTOPLAST-MEDIATED CHROMOSOME TRANSFER IN PLANT GENOMICS, CELL ENGINEERING AND BREEDING

摘要

Achievements of the microprotoplast-mediated chromosome transfer (MMCT) technique are summarized. Overcoming technical barriers for large-scale gene transfer through fusion of isolated microprotoplasts, containing one or a few chromosomes, with recipient protoplasts are considered. The efficiency of antimicrotubular compounds - phosphorothioamides (amiprophos-methyl and cremart), dinitroanilines (oryzalin) and propyzamide -and disrupters of microtubule organizing centers (griseofulvin and phenyl-carbamates) for the production of microprotoplasts is analysed. The combined use of antimicrotubular compounds with cytochalasin B, as an actin filament disrupter, for increasing the yield of microprotoplasts is also discussed. Results of experiments using microprotoplasts obtained from plant micro-spores are presented. The paper also discusses the advantages of MMCT as an effective technique for parasexual crossing compared with traditional somatic hybridization and as an important technique for plant genomics and breeding .