EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PHOSPHOLIPID SOURCES AND PHOSPHOLIPID: NEUTRAL LIPID VALUE IN FORMULATED DIETS ON LARVAL DEFORMITIES OF ATLANTIC COD (GADUS MORHUA)

摘要

The cod farming industry in Norway is experiencing significant economic losses by high levels of spinal malformations appearing in hatchery fish, with occurrences of malformations up to 60% in some groups. Factors like environment, genetics, pathologyand nutrition are attributed in the literature to explain skeletal deformities in fish larvae reared in hatcheries. Anomalies have been associated with deficiencies in lipids, especially the highly unsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA). Furthermore, whether these fatty acids occur in the phospholipid or neutral lipid fraction seems to have some effect on the larval efficiency to utilise the HUFA. In this experiment we investigated thelarval quality of Atlantic cod based on skeletal malformations, after feeding with experimental compound diets with differences in quality and levels of phospholipids (Cahu et al., 2003).