Surfactant-enhanced bioremediation: a review of the effects of surfactants on the bioavailability of hydrophobic organic chemicals in soils

摘要

Hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) often exhibit limited bioavailability to microorganisms and can persist in the subsurface for long periods of time. The use of surfactants has been proposed to enhance the effectiveness of both in-situ bioremediation and ex-situ slurry-reactor bioremediation by increasing HOC bioavailability.