Assessment of Ecological Effect of Heavy Metals in Soil in Hebei Plain

摘要

In this paper,the pollution situation of heavy metals of As、 Cd、 Hg、 Pb in the soil in Hebei plain and its potential ecological hazards were evaluated quantitatively with the method of single factor pollution index, Nemerow pollution index and Hakanson potential ecological risk index. Additionally, the ecological effect of heavy metals in the studied area was also discussed. The results showed that the single factor pollution index of heavy metals ranked as follows: Cd>Pb>As>Hg, that except for Cd, which is not in a polluted state or is not polluted badly, Pb、 Hg、 As, are all within the clean limit, which means that the soil is generally clean. The bioavailability of the heavy metal elements follows the sequence of Cd>Hg>As>Pb,in these elements,in which Cd is ecologically the most hazardous element in the studied area. Based on the analysis of plant samples, such as wheat and maize, we found that wheat and maize seeds are generally in a secure state, except is Hg, which has a little over limit. The potential hazardous elements ranked ecologically as follows: Hg>Cd>Pb> As,in which Hg has the most severe potential ecological hazard, considered as the most potential hazardous element in the studied area. Considering synthetically the potential ecological hazard of heavy metals, the general performance of heavy metals has a slight potential ecological hazard.