Structural-Hydrogeological Analysis and Physicochemical Modeling for the Processes of the Baikal Rift System Natural Water Formation

摘要

In terms of lithospheric plate tectonics, we address the structural-hydrogeological conditions for the Baikal Rift System (BRS) natural water formation. From physicochemical modeling, we established the existence of the Earth deep degassing water-carbonate branch in rift structures, and revealed the conditions for generating fresh juvenile waters from the ascending hydrocarbonaceous mantel fluid. Comparative analysis for trace-element composition of thermal waters of rift and island-arc systems was made. We established the BRS current hydroterm distribution dependence on fault density. We specified the thermal water specific trace elements to establish their genesis through physicochemical modeling.