Summary. Prevention science has progressed quickly in the last decade. It revealed a much more complex transmission dynamics of HIV infection and led to the identification of a set of proven interventions for controlling various forms of HIV epidemics. Still, much more remains to be achieved, especially as concerns generalized epidemics. Science could help the international AIDS community improve the effectiveness of their AIDS response as they attempt to: (i) improve further the knowledge about HIV epidemics; (i) increase the financial resources and coverage of interventions for sex work; (iii) increase prevention focus on high transmission geographic areas; (iv) develop and scientifically evaluate effective interventions for informal sex workers and hotspots; and (v) in likelihood expand MSM interventions without diluting focus on heterosexually driven HIV epidemics.
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