Cities in all parts of the world face mounting challenges such as population shifts, water shortages, air pollution, inadequate or aging infrastructure, land degradation, sprawl, spread of informal settlements and traffic congestion. Metropolitan cities grow beyond imaginable proportions. Concentration of intense economic processes and high level of consumption in cities increase their resource demands. The main problem with cities today is that they have become centres of mobilisation rather than civilisation. The city of the future, to be sustainable, will have to re-establish the concept of civilisation, with sustainable mobility.
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