The role of different PI-PLC isoforms in cell signaling and control of various cellular functions has been extensively studied. Of the four families of PI-PLC, PLCgamma family (PLCgamma1l and PLCgamma2) has been identified as an important component inpathways triggered by growth factor receptors in normal and cancer cells. Similarly. PLCgamma isoforms have a crucial role in signaling in hematopoietic cells. Insights into molecular mechanisms of PLCgamma activation provided a basis for the model suggesting two regulatory steps; the first step is related to translocation to the plasma membrane and the second step involves further changes resulting in high rate of substrate hydrolysis, presumably by overcoming intramolecular inhibition. Although the enzyme activity of PLCgamma and other PI-PLC families can be inhibited by the compound U73122, there is a need for more specific inhibitors to assess further the signaling and mechanistic aspects of PLCy function.
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