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Designing Supply Contract to Coordinate Supplier-Manufacturer Interactions, when Manufacturer's Leftover Products have Stochastic Demand

机译:当制造商的剩余产品具有随机需求时,设计供应合同协调供应商互动

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Under rapidly changing and highly competitive market, manufacturers should develop new products or services with creative and innovative features and pay attention to customer oriented production. Along considering this issue, in this research we have studied how a manufacturer who is trying to achieve customer oriented production systems, should design supply contract with his major supplier. A coordinating contract based on option mechanism with two parameters, option price and exercise price, is used as supply contract. Since demand is not naturally deterministic, it is assumed that manufacturer's leftover products at the end of selling season will be sold stochastically. In this environment, necessary conditions for coordination and both parties' optimal decisions are obtained. The analysis shows that the manufacturer's optimal decisions can be the way that satisfies coordination necessary conditions. Also the manufacturer and the supplier both can achieve win-win situations and improve their expected profits in comparison with their expected profits before applying the option contract. A numerical example is conducted to illustrate the analysis. It is believed that the outcome of this research will work for different products especially for innovative products.
机译:在迅速变化和竞争激烈的市场下,制造商应开发具有创造性和创新功能的新产品或服务,并注重客户面向客户的生产。在考虑到这个问题,在本研究中,我们研究了一家试图实现客户的生产系统的制造商应该如何与其主要供应商设计供应合同。基于选项机制的协调合同,使用两个参数,期权价格和行使价格,用作供应合同。由于需求并不是自然的决定性,因此假设制造商在销售季节结束时的剩余产品将随机出售。在这种环境中,获得协调的必要条件和双方的最佳决策。分析表明,制造商的最佳决策可能是满足协调必要条件的方式。此外,制造商和供应商都可以实现双赢的情况,并在申请期权合同之前与预期的利润相比,改善预期利润。进行数值示例以说明分析。据信,该研究的结果将适用于不同产品,特别是为创新产品。

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