AZODICARBONAMIDINE DINITRATE - A HIGH NITROGEN SELF-DEFLAGRATING FUEL FOR USE IN PYROTECHNIC GAS GENERATORS AND PROPELLANTS

摘要

Azodicarbonamidine dinitrate (AZODN), also referred to as azobisformamidine dinitrate, easily prepared by oxidation of a solution of an aminoguanidine salt in nitric acid is an attractive high-nitrogen fuel ingredient for use in gas generators, gun propellants, smokeless rocket propellants, and ignition materials. AZODN is an attractive gas generant ingredient because it burns rapidly and provides a high gas output with either non-metallic or metallic oxidizers and eliminates a number of problems inherent with ammonium nitrate based systems e.g. hygroscopicity, difficult ignition at low temperatures and pressures, necessity of phase stabilizers, and low burning rates. Because AZODN is basically a self-deflagrating solid monopropellant and exhibits a higher burning rate than many other state-of-the-art high nitrogen ingredients, it has also found application as a ballistic additive for use with other organic fuels in gas generant formulations. AZODN is compatible with a number of oxidizers and other high nitrogen fuel components. Because of a more favorable oxygen balance when compared with other ingredients such as guanidine nitrate, nitroguanidine, ethylenediamine dinitrate, and cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX); a lower concentration of oxidizer is required for burning to innocuous combustion products such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water vapor. Theoretical and experimental investigation of the relatively high oxygen balance self-deflagrating compound for use in pyrotechnic gas generators will be discussed.