Barley Chromosomes Addition to Common Wheat

摘要

Chromosomes of cultivated barley, Hordeum vulgare L. (2n = 2x = 14, genome formula HH), were added to common wheat, Triticum aestivum L. (2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD), after the examination of reciprocal intergeneric hybridization between the two species. In both crosses, significant differences were observed in crossabilities among the wheat and barley culti-vars. From barley x wheat hybrids, it was not possible to obtain the backcrossed plants pollinated with common wheat, because of pistillody, chromosomal irregularities and low fertilities. These phenomena are maybe due to the effects of barley cytoplasm. On the other hand, many fertile backcrossed plants were obtained from the cross, wheat x barley, although the frequency of unreduced gametes was lower than 1% in the F1 hybrid plants. The meiotic behavior of wheat and barley chromosomes was more stable than those from barley x wheat crosses. After several back-crosses and self-fertilization, 19 barley chromosome addition lines of wheat were obtained, including four wheat-barley chromosome translocation lines, three telocentric addition lines and disomic addition lines. So far, 2H, 3H, 5H and 6H disomic additions and 5HS. 5BL translocation line were identified by C-banding and meiotic pairing of the F1' s with CS/Betzes addition lines.