Human factors in occupational health and safety management systems

摘要

This paper describes the roles and focuses of human factors in the Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems OHSAS 18001 and BS 8800 established by the British Standards Institution. The BS 8800 was originally established for guidance purpose while the OHSAS was compiled for assessing performance of health and safety management systems of organizations. A comprehensive review on the applications and considerations of human factors in the processes of implementation of the occupational health and safety management systems was made. These include the establishment of QH&S policy and objectives, identification and classification of hazard and risks, establishment of OH&S management program, OH&S training, operation control and workplace design, emergency preparedness and response, performance measurement and monitoring, and preventive action. At the end of the paper the direct and indirect relationships between human factors considerations and various sections in the OH&S management systems are summarized in table form. It is noted that human factors considerations play a key role throughout the OH&S management cycle and they are vital for organizations in fulfillment of requirements stipulated in the standards