PV SOLAR SYSTEMS IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT: SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR INTEGRATION, ENERGY MONITORING, ANALYSIS AND CONTROL

摘要

Specific requirements for the integration of photo-voltaic (PV) systems into the built environment and particular issues for the monitoring, analysis and control of energy will be presented. Where PV elements are applied as building components they become a part of the building envelope. However, the primary function of the building envelope is to protect the occupants of a building from the external climate. The building structure does not necessarily provide the optimal conditions for PV. The thermal and electrical performance of building integrated PV components should therefore be considered as an added value. In order to meet the functional requirements, a building envelope component may have to comply with national or local building regulations, national or international standards and codes of practice, etc. Furthermore it must be durable to last for the design life of the building and must maintain its performance for the life of the building. It may have to meet environmental and sustainability requirements, etc. The thermal and electrical performance of a PV integrated building component may be influenced by possible restraints imposed by these other requirements: they may even present a barrier to the uptake of the technology. The paper discusses the need for a holistic approach to the incorporation of PV systems into buildings to ensure optimum deployment of such renewable technologies. Building integrated PV applications have to deal with modern information technology to become successfully integrated in the built environment. One of the important aspects is the collection of reliable data for the trading of renewable electricity on the free market. A JRC project will use internet based monitoring to offer data instantaneously to service providers and their clients. This work is intended to support further activities promoting the concept of a green electricity certificate.