The properties near-surface cometary atmosphere is considered, as mediums, in which the formation of ordered structures from charged microparticles is possible. Based on dates on cometary atmospheres and guesses of mechanisms of charging of sublimating microparticles the calculations of an electric field near to a surface of a comet are executed. The electric field strength is determined by a charge of large particles (20... 50 μm) also reaches values 500V/m. In such conditions in a near-surface atmosphere of a comet, the discharges similar to the discharges in high layers of an Earth's atmosphere are possible. The estimates of parameters of dusty plasma are made. This plasma will have properties, close to properties of laboratory dusty plasma, in which formation ordered structures from charged microparticles is explored. It is shown, that there are requirements for development of processes of a self-compression of dusty plasma of a cometary atmosphere, that is an incipient state forming of ordered structures. Thus, the near-surface atmospheric layer represents unique medium, in which one alongside with existence prebiotic conditions, there are conditions for development of processes of self-organization of structures, which one afterwards can be used as a template for prebiological structures.
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