A multi-phase hydrodynamic code with the Volume of Fluid Method (VOF) is developed to simulate the molten droplet deformation and the surface waves at the stage of pressure propagation in the steam explosion. Melt-liquid system and melt-gas system are performed in the calculation. It is known that the instable waves will emerge on the surface of molten droplet and grow during the process of Fuel-Coolant Interaction (FCI). In this paper, the effect of material density on the deformation of droplet and the growth of surface waves is analyzed. Joseph's experimental data is used as a benchmark for validation of the deformation simulation. The results of present study demonstrate that the effects of material density on the droplet deformation and the growth of surface waves are obvious. It is also suggested that the effect of hydrodynamic deformation is significant and the droplet will be easier for penetration by the surface unstable waves at the stage of propagation in steam explosion.
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