This paper presents several approaches for calibration methods of engine control units(ECUs).The first chapter explains some of the background on engine development processes,providing the motivation for calibration methods.From the many possible ways to structure the field of calibration methods, the classificationcriterion used to organize this paper is the extent in which real or virtual components arc usedin the respective method. Using this approach, calibration methods can be grouped in fourcategories, each corresponding to one hardware platform. Figure I illustrates this.The following four chapters each address one hardware platform, explaining characteristics,typical tasks and advantages to other platforms, together with a short outline of an exemplarymethod.Finally, the facts arc recapitulated and an outlook on future development fields is given.
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