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DETECTION AND SIZING OF SUBCRITICAL CRACKS USING ULTRASONIC IN-LINE INSPECTION METHODS

机译:超声波在线检查方法检测和确定次生裂缝

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The high pressure liquid and gas pipeline network is aging in all regions around the globe and becomes more and more vulnerable to integrity threats. Besides general corrosion, stress corrosion cracking becomes an increasingly important topic. Pipeline operators are facing the challenge to address these threats. Most (31%) of the pipelines worldwide are pipelines with diameters ≤10". Providing a better inline inspection service starting with small diameter pipelines will therefore address the threats arising from stress corrosion cracking most effectively. This way the typical diameters of pipelines posing risks served first. Ultrasound inline inspection for pipelines is known for years and provide several advantages over hydrostatic tests. Its most important advantage for pipeline operators is that sub-critical flaws can be detected, which results in a comprehensive picture of the integrity status of the pipeline. Despite the advantages and the experience with ultrasound inline inspection, the sizing precision and the sizing confidence are two factors limiting the success of the ultrasound inline inspection technology. This paper presents several measures to address these two issues and thus to provide a more valuable service for pipeline operators. There are two ways to increase the sizing precision and the sizing confidence: either to develop new procedures to evaluate existing data or to gather more or better data during inline inspection. The focus in this paper will be on the second option. Three measures are described in this paper: first, using a new design to improve the guidance of the sensor carrier leading to better data quality, especially at welds. Second, using more sensors for the inline inspection tools. This will not only provide a more precise circumferential position of the flaws but also more data for every flaw. Finally, recording more echoes at each point of the pipeline which is the basis to extract more information from every measurement.
机译:高压液体和天然气管道网络在全球所有地区都在老化,并且变得越来越容易受到完整性威胁。除了一般腐蚀外,应力腐蚀开裂也变得越来越重要。管道运营商正面临着应对这些威胁的挑战。全世界大多数(31%)的管道都是直径≤10“的管道。从小直径管道开始提供更好的在线检查服务将因此最有效地解决应力腐蚀开裂所带来的威胁。这样,典型的管道直径就构成了风险超声波在线检查一直以来都是众所周知的,它具有比静水压测试更多的优势,对管道运营商而言,最重要的优势是可以检测到亚临界缺陷,从而全面了解管道的完整性状态。尽管超声在线检查具有优势和经验,但上浆精度和上浆信心是限制超声在线检查技术成功的两个因素,本文提出了解决这两个问题的几种措施,从而提供了更有价值的服务对于管道运营商,有两种方法可以增加尺寸p纠正和调整大小的信心:开发新程序来评估现有数据,或者在在线检查过程中收集更多或更好的数据。本文的重点将放在第二个选项上。本文介绍了三种措施:首先,使用一种新的设计来改进传感器载体的导向,从而导致更好的数据质量,尤其是在焊缝处。其次,将更多的传感器用于在线检查工具。这不仅将提供缺陷的更精确的圆周位置,而且还将为每个缺陷提供更多数据。最后,在管道的每个点记录更多的回声,这是从每次测量中提取更多信息的基础。

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