Modeling safety and security, state of the art

摘要

The accurate modeling of complex physical events is critical in evaluating measures for designing and protecting human safety. This paper describes current techniques for modelling key aspects of vehicle, building and human response to extreme events. The terrorist act results in high pressure and temperature environments that apply loads over short time durations. Those loads must be accounted for in the design of building structures, protective vehicles and protective safety equipment. Examples associated with designs to mitigate progressive collapse, occupant injury in vehicle roll over and brain injury will be presented. Key aspects of the modelling will be discussed. Engineering models will be the focus of the paper although some finite element techniques will be also provided.