Review of Civil Service Reform History in China: How the Policy Transfer Affects and Constructs the Chinese Civil Service System

摘要

From basically copying the Soviet model, then turning to accept and learn from the Western countries' experiences, and finally trying to construct its own civil service system gradually, China has never stopped to learn lessons from abroad while developing its civil service policies. Reviewing and exploring the history of civil service reform in China from the point of view of how policy from abroad was transferred and operate will clarify the current circumstance of the civil service and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of future transfers. This article will examine the stages, divided along the development of the civil service from the establishment of People's Republic of China till Provisional Regulations of State Civil Servant issued in 1993. For each stage, it considers what problems the reform proposed to solve, where did China learn policies of civil service management, why these countries and policies have been chosen and learned from, how the transferred policies adapted to the Chinese characteristics, how these policies worked within the Chinese social and political environment and the problems that emerged when carrying out the policies.