Spatial and temporal variability of unsaturated and saturated flow in a small Alpine crystalline catchment area

摘要

Infiltration, water flow simulation and isotope analysis are conducted over four hydrological years (October 1995 to September 1999) at the small crystalline catchment Hoehenhansl. With the soil-water budget method and the parameters spatialisation used, infiltration amount and dynamic is found to be homogeneous under forest whereas under meadow simulation results are of better quality when parameterization of only one homogeneous soil horizon is implemented. Longterm investigations with the stable isotope ~(18)O allow to estimate the transit times of the fastest components of infiltrated water under extreme (snow melt) conditions. Age dating with the radioactive isotope tritium indicates long storage in the small catchment area.