The US-EU race for leadership of science and technology: qualitative and quantitative indicators

摘要

Both the United States and the European Union have set goals for worldwide leadership of science and technology. While the U.S. leads in most input quantitative indicators, output indicators may be more specific for determining present leadership. They show that the EU has taken the lead in important metrics and is challenging the U. S. in others. Qualitative indicators of fields of research and development, based on expert review studies organized by the authors, confirm that many EU labs are equal or better than those in the U.S..