FLOOD RISK IN CITIES OF BELARUS: SPECIFIC CASES AND PROBLEMS OF MANAGEMENT

摘要

Flood prevention is not possible without knowing such factors as scales, probability, and periodicity and their reasons. In Belarus regular studies, register of water levels and scientific-technologic projects on protection of territories from floods are done only for riverine floods. Besides they mainly concern the region of Polesie, where certain measures such as dyking and polder construction are taken.rnOther types of floods remain almost not investigated. A detailed analysis of reasons of flood occurrence is required, considering water collection systems of small rivers and streams (even former), land use structure, and capacity of storm water sewers.rnFor dwelling areas built on wetlands, it is advisable to work out certain preventive measures: conservation or restoration of natural regime of stream, limitation of agricultural activities on certain areas, etc. Normative documents regulating land use of flooded areas are needed, because even though floods usually have local character, they might have significant consequences for the city and/or the region on the whole. One of the aims of flood prevention is to prevent the spread of pollutants with runoff and their transfer over large distances.