摘要:In Singapore,the control of land pollution and remediation of contaminated sites are governed by the National Environment Agency(NEA). For the health of the general public,the NEA has adopted foreign guidelines to ensure safe standards for the reuse of contaminated sites for more sensitive uses. In 2002,the NEA incorporated their guideline into the Code of Practice for Pollution Control(COPPC),specifying that when a site previously used for ‘pollutive’ industrial purposes is to be redeveloped for other more sensitive uses,an environmental site assessment needs to be conducted on the site to assess the extent of contamination. The main stakeholders in land contamination and remediation regulations are the Singapore Land Authority(SLA) and the Jurong Town Corporation(JTC). A set of the local environmental site assessment(ESA) guidelines was developed. The guidelines include a framework of risk-based approach to the assessment and management of contaminated sites. The paper shall elaborate on the assessment criteria,assessment methods and the purpose of the assessment in further details(167 words).
摘要:Introduction Directive 2004/35/EC covers,among other things,the prevention and remediation of damage to the soil,which means any form of soil pollution that holds a significant risk of negative effects on human health,and involving the direct or indirect introduction of substances,preparations,organisms or micro-organisms on,in or under the soil. Belgium has already acquired wide experience with the issue of soil remediation,and this may arouse the interest of countries where this kind of legislation is still lacking.
摘要:Mining is one of the most important human economic activities,and is also an activity that causes substantial damage to the environment worldwide,in particular,to land degradation. With increasing environmental awareness,reclamation is generally recognized as an optimal remedy to prevent and control of land degradation caused by mining,and an effective tool to maintain sustainable mining performance as well. The paper conducts a survey of policy,legislation and regulatory frameworks for mine land reclamation in developing countries. Using a case study of China,the paper examines possible solutions for facilitating improved policy and legislation with regard to mine land reclamation in these countries.