摘要：
Objective To explore the clinical value of ultrasonography in assessing fetal maturity in preeclampsia patients with early-time delivery. Methods The study enrolled 102 cases of preeclampsia patients with early-time and cesarean delivery.According to the weight of the preterm infants,fetuses were divided into two groups, including 66 preterm infants with a weight more than 2 kg(A group) and 36 preterm infants with weight less than 2 kg(B group).The ultrasonographic indicators were then comparative analyzed and measurement criteriors were established according to the requirement for preterm infants to receive the incubator treatment. Results All preterm infants of A group didn't have to receive the incubator treatment.Among them, those who had a biparietal diameter(BPD) more than 80 mm accounted for 92.4%,femur length(FL) more than 63 mm accounted for 95.5%,colon width more than 9 mm accounted for 90.9%and etal lung echo higher than fetal liver echo accounted for 97.0%.All preterm infants of B group received the incubator treatment,those who had a BPD less than 80 mm accounted for 86.1%,FL less than 63 mm accounted for 94.4%,colon width less than 9 mm accounted for 91.7%and fetal lung echo lower than fetal liver echo accounted for 97.2%.The preterm infants which didn't enter the incubator had at least three ultrasound features among these, including BPD more than 80 mm,FL more than 63 mm colon width more than 9 mm,with meconium or gas in it and the higher fetal lung echo than fetal liver echo. Conclusion Through ultrasonography indicators including BPD,FL,fetal lung echo and fetal liver echo,colon insufflate width can be measured,which helps doctors know the fetal intrauterine mature situation intuitively and accurately,informing the pediatrician make preparations in advance,and provides clinical guidance to improve the survival rate and life quality of preterm infants.%目的 探讨超声评估子痫前期患者其胎儿成熟度,超声评估子痫前期患者胎儿成熟度的预测方法及其对临床的指导价值.方法 选取子痫前期患者102例,均行剖宫产提前分娩终止妊娠,根据早产儿的体质量分为≥2 kg组66例(A组)和<2 kg组36例(B组).比较分析两组孕期超声检查的各项指标,并根据早产儿是否需要进入保暖箱治疗为标准建立超声测量参考值.结果 A组早产儿均未进入保暖箱治疗,其中双顶径≥80 mm者占92.4%,股骨长度≥63 mm者占95.5%,结肠宽度≥9 mm者占90.9%,胎肺回声高于胎肝回声者占97.0%.B组早产儿均进入保暖箱治疗,其中双顶径<80 mm者占86.1%,股骨长度<63 mm者占94.4%,结肠宽度<9 mm者占91.7%,胎肺回声低于胎肝回声者占97.2%.无需进入保暖箱治疗的早产儿其超声特征至少具备下列条件中的三项:胎儿双顶径≥80 mm,股骨长度≥63 mm,结肠宽度≥9 mm,内可见胎粪或气体回声,胎肺回声高于胎肝回声.结论 通过超声检查胎儿双顶径、股骨长度、胎肺与胎肝回声、结肠宽度,可直观准确掌握胎儿宫内发育成熟情况,为临床提高早产儿存活率及生存质量提供指导.
