摘要：
[目的]食卵自相残杀现象常见于瓢虫中,业已明确取食同胞卵对于初孵瓢虫至关重要,但取食非同胞卵的营养价值是否高于蚜虫仍存争议.本研究旨在明确异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis在幼虫期除取食蚜虫外兼捕食非同胞卵是否影响其雌成虫的生殖表现.[方法]在异色瓢虫幼虫期设置3个饲喂处理,即仅饲喂禾谷缢管蚜Rhopalosiphum padi(对照)、除饲喂蚜虫外还分别给各龄幼虫饲喂少量非同胞卵(分散食卵)以及除饲喂蚜虫外仅给高龄幼虫饲喂较多非同胞卵(集中食卵)等,观察雌成虫体型大小、产卵前期、连续10 d的逐日产卵量和卵孵化率等形态和生殖特性.[结果]饲喂处理对瓢虫雌成虫体型大小无显著影响,对照、分散食卵和集中食卵3种饲喂处理下的雌成虫身体体积分别为92.30,89.73和93.98 mm3;饲喂处理对雌成虫产卵前期也无显著影响,3种饲喂处理下雌成虫产卵前期分别为7.50,7.74和7.70 d;但饲喂处理对雌虫生殖力具有显著影响,分散食卵处理与对照无显著差异,羽化后10 d分散食卵和对照下累计产卵量分别为185和205粒,但集中食卵(88粒)比对照或分散食卵的产卵量显著降低;饲喂处理对卵孵化率无显著影响,对照、分散食卵和集中食卵3种饲喂处理下的卵孵化率分别为63.10％,72.58％和66.61％.[结论]结果说明,异色瓢虫各龄幼虫偶尔取食非同胞卵不影响其成虫的生长发育和生殖,但高龄幼虫捕食较多非同胞卵可降低其雌成虫的生殖力.%[Aim] Egg cannibalism is common in predatory Coccinellidae.It is generally held that consumption of sibling eggs is critical to neonate larvae,but the nutritional value of non-sibling eggs cannibalized relative to prey aphids is still under debate.This study aims to examine the effect of feeding non-sibling eggs besides aphids in larval stage on the reproductive performance of female adults of Harmonia axyridis.[Methods] Three diet treatments were set at larval stage of H.axyridis:the control (CK) with Rhopalosiphum padi aphids provided only,the dispersive egg consumption (DEC) treatment with non-sibling eggs provided in a small amount to ladybird larvae of each instar,and the aggregative egg consumption (AEC) treatment with non-sibling eggs provided in a large amount only to the final instar larvae as supplementary food together with R.padi aphids provided in the whole larval stage.The ladybird larvae with the above treatments were followed to adulthood,and the body volume of female adults,pre-oviposition period,10-day fecundity,and egg hatching rate were surveyed.[Results] The diet treatment had no significant effect on the body volume of female adults of H.axyridis,which was 92.30,89.73 and 93.98 mm3 in treatments CK,DEC and AEC,respectively.The diet treatment also had no significant effect on the pre-oviposition period,which was 7.50,7.74 and 7.70 d in CK,DEC and AEC,respectively.The diet treatment,however,had a significant effect on 10-day fecundity.Female adults in AEC laid much fewer eggs (88) than in DEC (185) and CK (205) during the first 10 d after emergence,and no significant difference was found between DEC and CK.The diet treatment had no significant effect on egg hatching rate,which was 63.10％,72.58％ and 66.61％ in CK,DEC and AEC,respectively.[Conclusion] These results suggest that consumption of a few non-sibling eggs across larval instars has negligible effects on reproductive performance of H.axyridis adults,but consuming a large number of non-sibling eggs at the final instar can considerably decrease its female adult fecundity.
