interleukin-6

摘要： BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is often associated with elevated platelet count(>400×10^(9)/L),known as thrombocytosis.The role of CD40 ligand(CD40L),a member of the tumor necrosis factor family,is controversial in CRC.Circulating CD40L is higher in CRC,but its relationship with disease staging and local and distant metastasis is not clear.Although most of the circulating CD40L is produced by platelets,no previous study investigated its relationship with CRC-related thrombocytosis.AIM To investigate the role of CD40L to predict the outcome of CRC and its relation to thrombocytosis.METHODS A total of 106 CRC patients and 50 age and sex-matched control subjects were enrolled for the study.Anamnestic data including comorbidities and histopathological data were collected.Laboratory measurements were performed at the time of CRC diagnosis and 1.5 mo and at least 6 mo after the surgical removal of the tumor.Plasma CD40L and thrombopoietin were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,while plasma interleukin-6 was measured via electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.Patient follow-ups were terminated on January 31,2021.RESULTS Plasma CD40L of CRC patients was tendentiously higher,while platelet count(P=0.0479),interleukin-6(P=0.0002),and thrombopoietin(P=0.0024)levels were significantly higher as opposed to the control subjects.Twelve of the 106 CRC patients(11.3%)had thrombocytosis.Significantly higher CD40L was found in the presence of distant metastases(P=0.0055)and/or thrombocytosis(P=0.0294).A connection was found between CD40L and platelet count(P=0.0045),interleukin-6(P=0.0130),and thrombocytosis(P=0.0155).CD40L was constant with the course of CRC,and all baseline differences persisted throughout the whole study.Both pre-and postoperative elevated platelet count,CD40L,and interleukin-6 level were associated with poor overall and disease-specific survival of patients.The negative effect of CD40L and interleukin-6 on patient survival remained even after the stratification by thrombocytosis.CONCLUSION CD40L levels of CRC patients do not change with the course of the disease.The CD40L level is strongly correlated with platelet count,interleukin-6,thrombocytosis,and the presence of distant metastases.

摘要： BACKGROUND Laparoscopic surgery has been introduced as a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of various field.However,there are few reports that have scientifically investigated the minimally invasive nature of laparoscopic liver resection(LLR).AIM To investigate whether LLR is scientifically less invasive than open liver resection.METHODS During December 2011 to April 2015,blood samples were obtained from 30 patients who treated with laparoscopic(n=10,33%)or open(n=20,67%)partial liver resection for liver tumor.The levels of serum interleukin-6(IL-6)and plasma thrombospondin-1(TSP-1)were measured using ELISA kit at four time points including preoperative,immediate after operation,postoperative day 1(POD1)and POD3.Then,we investigated the impact of the operative approaches during partial hepatectomy on the clinical time course including IL-6 and TSP-1.RESULTS Serum level of IL-6 on POD1 in laparoscopic hepatectomy was significantly lower than those in open hepatectomy(8.7 vs 30.3 pg/mL,respectively)(P=0.003).Plasma level of TSP-1 on POD3 in laparoscopic hepatectomy was significantly higher than those in open hepatectomy(1704.0 vs 548.3 ng/mL,respectively)(P=0.009),and have already recovered to preoperative level in laparoscopic approach.In patients with higher IL-6 Levels on POD1,plasma level of TSP-1 on POD3 was significantly lower than those in patients with lower IL-6 Levels on POD1.Multivariate analysis showed that open approach was the only independent factor related to higher level of IL-6 on POD1[odds ratio(OR),7.48;95%confidence interval(CI):1.28-63.3;P=0.02].Furthermore,the higher level of serum IL-6 on POD1 was significantly associated with lower level of plasm TSP-1 on POD3(OR,5.32;95%CI:1.08-32.2;P=0.04)in multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION In partial hepatectomy,laparoscopic approach might be minimally invasive surgery with less IL-6 production compared to open approach.

摘要： Since December 2019,a novel coronavirus that represents a serious threat to human lives has emerged.There is still no definite treatment for severe cases of the disease caused by this virus,named coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).One of the most considered treatment strategies targets the exaggerated immune regulator,and interleukin(IL)-6 is a crucial pro-inflammatory mediator.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2)cases show an elevated level of IL-6 related to disease severity.IL-6 activity can be inhibited by the following:IL-6 itself,IL-6 signaling pathways such as Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT),gp130,IL-6R,and downstream activated ILs,such as IL-17 and IL-6 cytokine.Currently,according to these studies and their results,IL-6 blockade with anti-IL-6 or its receptor antibodies such as tocilizumab in COVID-19 is beneficial in severe cases and may reduce the mortality rate.JAK-STAT inhibitors block the cytokine storm by inhibiting several crucial pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-αand IL-6 and have shown various results in clinical trials.IL-6 induces IL-17 secretion,and IL-17 is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory processes.Clinical trials of anti-IL-17 drugs are currently recruiting,and anti-gp130 antibody is preclinical.However,this agent has shown positive effects in inflammatory bowel disease clinical trials and could be tested for SARS-CoV-2.This study aimed to review the role of IL-6 in the cytokine storm and studies regarding IL-6 and blockade of its inflammatory pathways in COVID-19 to determine if any of these agents are beneficial for COVID-19 patients.

摘要： Objective:Tribulus terrestris L.(T.terrestris)is a highly valuable traditional Chinese medicine used to treat stroke,inflammation,pulmonary fibrosis,liver cancer,and urolithiasis.To identify the basic substance responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect of TST(total saponins of Tribulus),its chemical composition was systematically studied,and its effect of inhibiting nitric oxide generation and the expression of related inflammatory factors were determined.Methods:To separate chemical constituents from T.terrestris by column chromatography.Spectroscopic methods,including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR)and mass spectrometry(MS)techniques,were used to elucidate the isolated compounds.The anti-inflammatory activities of TST and several compounds were evaluated in vitro.Results:Fifteen steroidal saponins,including 9 furostanol steroidal saponins(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,and 15)and 6 isospirostanol steroidal saponins(9,10,11,12,13,and 14),were isolated from T.terrestris.TST significantly decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a)and interleukin-6(IL-6)in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharides.Compounds 13 and 15 evidently reduced TNF-a expression.Compounds 6,10,12,13,and 15 markedly reduced IL-6 expression.Conclusions:Compounds 1 was a novel furostanol steroidal saponin,named 26-O-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-5afurostan-12-carbonyl-20(22)-en-3b,26-diol-3-O-{b-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)-[b-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-b-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-b-D-galactopyranoside}.Compounds 2 was isolated from the family Zygophyllaceae for the first time,and 5 and 6 were isolated from the Tribulus genus.TST and compounds 6,10,12,13,and 15 exerts antiinflammatory activity.

摘要： Systemic inflammation within malignant glioma is a topic of ongoing significance.In this commentary,we highlight recent findings from Gandhi et al and discuss alternative approaches.We present a counter argument with findings that IL-6 markers are controversial.We highlight the potential benefit of looking at microRNAs and other biomarkers.Finally,we present ideas for future application involving differentiation between radiation necrosis and recurrence.The commentary is intended to serve as a catalyst for further scientific discovery.

摘要： BACKGROUND Cytokine release syndrome(CRS)is defined as systemic inflammation that usually occurs following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy administration;however,it has not been reported in patients with untreated non-small cell lung cancer to date.CASE SUMMARY A 44-year-old nonsmoking woman presented to the hospital due to fever,palpitation,nausea,and cough for 1 mo and was diagnosed with stage cT3N3M0(IIIc)adenocarcinoma of the lung.Auxiliary examinations revealed elevated cytokine[tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,and IL-6]and inflammatory factor levels,which decreased after treatment with corticosteroids and immunoglobulin and when tumor growth was controlled following chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and antiangiogenesis therapy.However,tumor recurrence was observed.After administration of nivolumab as third-line treatment,the patient’s condition was transiently controlled;however,CRS-like symptoms suddenly emerged,which led to a resurgence of cytokines and inflammatory factors and rapid death.CONCLUSION CRS can develop in treatment-naïve lung cancer patients.Patients with tumorrelated CRS may be at risk of CRS recurrence,aggravation,and onset of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adverse events.

摘要： Pancreatic cancer(PC)is one of the most common causes of cancer-associated death worldwide,with a low rate of 5-year survival.Currently,the pathogenesis of PC is complicated,with no efficient therapy.Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 further exacerbates the challenge of patients with PC.The alteration of gut microbiota caused by COVID-19 infection may impact PC progression in patients via immune regulation.The expression of inflammatory immune mediators such as interleukin(IL)-6,IL-8,and IL-10 has been found to increase in both PC and COVID-19 patients,which is associated with the disease severity and prognostic outcome.Gut microbiome serves as a critical connector between viral infection and PC.It can regulate host systemic immune response and impact the efficacy of immunotherapy.Here,we first demonstrated the features of inflammatory cytokines in both diseases and their impact on disease outcomes.Then,we demonstrated the importance of immunotherapeutic strategies.This includes the immune modulation that targets a single or dual receptors using a single agent or their combinations for the treatment of PC in patients who get infected with COVID-19.Additionally,we explored the possibility of managing the disease by regulating gut microbiome.Overall,modulation of the lung-gut-pancreases axis can boost anti-cancer immunotherapy and reduce adverse prognostic outcomes.

摘要： Cancer research is one of the most active areas in the biomedical sciences.Recently,the tumor immune environment,crosstalk between tumor cells and immune cells,and immunotherapy remain the“hot”topic in the field of cancer research.This short review will highlight the recent interesting findings in cancer research associated with cancer immunology and immunotherapy from basic discovery,translational study to clinical trials.

摘要： BACKGROUND Glioma is the most common primary tumor in the brain originating from glial cells.In spite of extensive research,the overall survival rate is not enhanced.A number of published articles observed differentially circulating levels of cytokines in glioma.Interleukin-6(IL-6)protein coded by IL-6 gene is regulated by the immune system and it has been found to have a significant role in progression and apoptosis resistance of glioma.AIM To review the role of circulatory IL-6 in the development and progression of glioma and its utility as a biomarker.METHODS Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis(PRISMA)guidelines were applied to filter the relevant studies based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.We used a combination of keywords and the Reference Citation Analysis(RCA)tool to search the potential studies and performed data extraction from selected studies.RESULTS The published results were inconsistent;however,most studies showed a significantly higher IL-6 level in glioma cases as compared to controls.Comparative IL-6 level among the different grades of glioma showed a higher level with low-grade gliomas and lower level with high-grade gliomas.CONCLUSION IL-6 level significantly differed between cases and controls,and among different cancer stages,which shows its potential as a diagnostic and prognostic marker.

摘要： BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)is related to uncontrolled immune response.Currently,there is no successful treatment for significant improvement in IBD.Stem cells display their therapeutic effects through their repopulating capacity or secreting factors.AIM To investigate the effects of conditioned mouse adipose-derived stem cells(mADSCs)secretome on colitis-induced mice.METHODS mADSCs were isolated from adipose tissue of C57BL/6 mice.Conditioned mADSCs secrectome was obtained by culturing of mADSCs with lipopolysaccharides(LPS,1μg/mL)for 24 h.Acute colitis was induced by 2%dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)drinking water for 7 d and then normal drinking water for 4 d.The mice were treated with normal culture medium(NM group),conditioned mADSCs secretome(CM group)or mADSCs(SC group).The length of colon and histopatholgy of colon tissues were evaluated.The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in colon tissue and the serum interleukin(IL)-6 levels were determined.RESULTS The isolated mADSCs maintained the mADSCs specific gene expression profiles during experiment.The conditioned mADSCs secretome released by the treatment of mADSCs with LPS contained mainly inflammatory chemokines,colony-stimulating factors and inflammatory cytokines.The loss of body weight and reduction in colon length were ameliorated in the CM group.The conditioned mADSCs secretome reduced the histological score in colon tissue.The expression of IL-1b and IL-6 mRNAs in colon tissues significantly inhibited in the CM group compared to SC group and NM group,respectively.The elevation of serum IL-6 levels was also ameliorated in the CM group.These results indicate that the conditioned mADSCs secretome suppressed the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines in damaged colon tissue and the elevation of serum IL-6 concentration in DSS-induced mice CONCLUSION Conditioned mADSCs secretome might play regenerative roles by the suppression of IL-6 in serum and tissue during acute colitis,and may be more effective than stem cells themselves in the regeneration of colon tissue.

摘要： 本发明涉及在制造形成有二氧化硅覆盖层的表面覆盖六硼化物粒子时使用的表面覆盖六硼化物粒子前躯体及其制造方法，该制造方法的特征在于，包括：向六硼化物粒子分散于有机溶剂中而成的分散液中，添加具有六硼化物粒子的分散功能和水解性硅烷化合物的聚合促进功能的有机金属化合物，从而使有机金属化合物吸附于六硼化物粒子表面的第一工序；在上述分散液中，添加作为表面处理剂的水解性硅烷化合物和水，从而用硅烷化合物的分解缩合物覆盖六硼化物粒子的表面的第二工序；以及，在低于有机金属化合物的热分解温度的条件下，使上述分散液加热熟化并去除溶剂，从而形成含有有机金属化合物中的金属元素和硅的表面处理剂被膜的第三工序。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种六叔丁基?六己氧基?六苯并[ab,de,lm,op,rs,uv]晕蒄作为MALDI?TOF MS基质在小分子检测中的应用，其中小分子包括氨基酸、药物小分子、糖类小分子以及芳香烃化合物等。本发明基于纳米石墨烯六叔丁基?六己氧基?六苯并[ab,de,lm,op,rs,uv]晕蒄不仅具有石墨烯的特性，而且可溶于有机溶剂的特性，作为MALDI?TOF MS基质不易飞离靶板，对离子源几乎没有污染，克服了传统基质测量小分子效果差的缺点，用于多种小分子的MALDI?TOFMS检测具有良好效果。

摘要： 本发明是在中性环境中在氯化镉（CdCl2）存在条件下，使六甲基六羟基六元瓜环与重稀土金属形成六甲基六羟基六元瓜环-重稀土金属固体加合物，而六甲基六羟基六元瓜环与轻稀土金属（La，Ce，Pr，Nd，Sm，Eu）不产生固体加合物的不同分离轻重稀土的方法。在含按一定比例的氯化镉（CdCl2），重稀土离子以及六甲基六羟基六元瓜环的水溶液中，六甲基六羟基六元瓜环与重稀土金属离子形成固体加合物。而在含按一定比例的氯化镉，轻稀土离子以及六甲基六羟基六元瓜环的水溶液中，没有固体加合物产生。由于这两种明显的差异，可用于轻重稀土金属离子的分离。

摘要： 本发明涉及六氟环氧丙烷聚合物组合物和通过阴离子聚合制备六氟环氧丙烷聚合物的方法，特别是包含阴离子引发剂、极性溶剂、六氟丙稀和六氟环氧丙烷的六氟环氧丙烷聚合物组合物。六氟环氧丙烷聚合物在特定反应条件下通过使用所述组合物制备，根据本文的制备方法通过使用所述组合物制备的六氟环氧丙烷聚合物在-10至20°C下的重均分子量(Mw)为1,500-4,000。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种改性六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷的制备方法、改性六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷及应用。制备方法包括：将ε‑六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷晶体、多巴胺或多巴胺衍生物与缓冲液混合，在持续通入空气的条件下，得到改性六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷。本发明大大缩短了多巴胺自聚合的反应时间，使包覆更加均匀，同时提高了包覆厚度，实现包覆厚度可控。与所用的ε‑CL‑20晶体原料相比，经本发明提供的方法处理后，改性ε‑CL‑20晶体的晶变温度会提高40°C以上，在乙酸乙酯中的溶解度可降低30％～50％，抗压缩性最高可提高37％，更适合应用在熔铸炸药中。

摘要： 本发明提供一种具有宽幅的近红外吸收的透明的新型近红外吸收微粒。提供一种六硼化物的微粒的集合体，在集合体所含的微粒的个数中，将粒子形状近似地看作旋转椭圆体时的长宽比[长轴长度]/[短轴长度]为1.5以上且低于5.0的微粒为20％以上且低于80％，上述长宽比为5.0以上且低于20.0的微粒存在20％以上且低于80％的六硼化物微粒集合体。

摘要： 本发明涉及在制造形成有二氧化硅覆盖层的表面覆盖六硼化物粒子时使用的表面覆盖六硼化物粒子前躯体及其制造方法，该制造方法的特征在于，包括：向六硼化物粒子分散于有机溶剂中而成的分散液中，添加具有六硼化物粒子的分散功能和水解性硅烷化合物的聚合促进功能的有机金属化合物，从而使有机金属化合物吸附于六硼化物粒子表面的第一工序；在上述分散液中，添加作为表面处理剂的水解性硅烷化合物和水，从而用硅烷化合物的分解缩合物覆盖六硼化物粒子的表面的第二工序；以及，在低于有机金属化合物的热分解温度的条件下，使上述分散液加热熟化并去除溶剂，从而形成含有有机金属化合物中的金属元素和硅的表面处理剂被膜的第三工序。

摘要： 本发明是在中性环境中在氯化镉（CdCl2）存在条件下，使六甲基六羟基六元瓜环与重稀土金属形成六甲基六羟基六元瓜环-重稀土金属固体加合物，而六甲基六羟基六元瓜环与轻稀土金属（La，Ce，Pr，Nd，Sm，Eu）不产生固体加合物的不同分离轻重稀土的方法。在含按一定比例的氯化镉（CdCl2），重稀土离子以及六甲基六羟基六元瓜环的水溶液中，六甲基六羟基六元瓜环与重稀土金属离子形成固体加合物。而在含按一定比例的氯化镉，轻稀土离子以及六甲基六羟基六元瓜环的水溶液中，没有固体加合物产生。由于这两种明显的差异，可用于轻重稀土金属离子的分离。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种六叔丁基-六己氧基-六苯并[ab,de,lm,op,rs,uv]晕蒄作为MALDI-TOF？MS基质在小分子检测中的应用，其中小分子包括氨基酸、药物小分子、糖类小分子以及芳香烃化合物等。本发明基于纳米石墨烯六叔丁基-六己氧基-六苯并[ab,de,lm,op,rs,uv]晕蒄不仅具有石墨烯的特性，而且可溶于有机溶剂的特性，作为MALDI-TOF？MS基质不易飞离靶板，对离子源几乎没有污染，克服了传统基质测量小分子效果差的缺点，用于多种小分子的MALDI-TOFMS检测具有良好效果。

摘要： 本实用新型公开了一种六杆六铰点六自由度测量装置，旨在克服现有技术中结构复杂、测量计算不方便、运动精度差与制造成本高的问题。所述的六杆六铰点六自由度测量装置包括动坐标联接板、静坐标联接板、1号至6号拉杆式直线位移传感器总成。动坐标联接板的周边设置有1号支承轴、2号支承轴与3号支承轴；静坐标联接板的周边设置有4号支承轴、5号支承轴与6号支承轴。1号与2号、3号与4号、5号与6号拉杆式直线位移传感器总成的上端依次和2号支承轴、3号支承轴与1号支承轴转动连接并采用螺母紧固。2号与3号、4号与5号、6号与1号拉杆式直线位移传感器总成的下端依次和5号支承轴、6号支承轴、4号支承轴转动连接并采用螺母紧固。