催乳素瘤

摘要： 目的 探讨影像组学方法诊断垂体泌乳激素大腺瘤(PPM)的效能与可行性.方法 回顾性分析2012年1月至2018年12月首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院经病理证实的垂体大腺瘤患者122例,其中PPM 70例、非泌乳激素大腺瘤(NPPM)52例,比较两者年龄、性别、泌乳素水平、出血、囊变及Knosp分级的差异.应用3Dslicer软件对术前轴面T1WI增强图像进行预处理、感兴趣区勾画与特征提取.使用最小绝对收缩和选择算子进行特征选择.所有病例以7:3的比例随机分为训练组(85例)与测试组(37例),使用logistic回归与支持向量机(SVM)在训练组与测试组进行建模与测试,分别绘制ROC曲线,计算特异度、灵敏度、准确度及ROC曲线下面积(AUC).结果 PPM与NPPM患者的年龄[分别为(38±12)岁、(43±11)岁]、性别(男/女分别为50例/20例、14例/38例)及泌乳素水平[分别为366.00(117.75,1156.25)μg/L、47.25(32.68,62.40)μg/L]差异存在统计学意义(P＜0.05).Logistic回归与SVM在训练组鉴别诊断PPM与NPPM的AUC值分别为0.936和0.946,测试组AUC值为0.768和0.774.Logistic回归与SVM在训练组鉴别诊断PPM与NPPM的准确度分别为88.2％和91.8％,测试组的准确度分别为73.0％和77.8％.结论 基于影像组学特征的机器学习模型对垂体泌乳激素大腺瘤的诊断效能较高.

摘要： Objective To explore the collagen, typeⅠ, α 1 chain ( COL1A1) gene mutation in a family with type 1 osteogenesis imperfect. Methods The medical records and DNA samples of an osteogenesis imperfect patient and her family members were collected, and their DNA sequencing were performed and compared with 50 non-relative healthy control from the same area. Results The proband and her three family members ( father, younger brother, and younger nephew) with clinical features of osteogenesis imperfect as well as prolactinoma were confirmed of COL1A1 gene mutation at the 24th intron with a shear mutation of c. 1669-1 G＞A which was not reported previously. Other family members were genetically normal compared with the normal. Conclusions We found a new COL1A1 gene mutation family and mutation site, but the relationship between osteogenesis imperfect and prolactinoma was unknown.%目的 分析1例成骨不全合并催乳素瘤患者及其家系Ⅰ型胶原α1链( collagen, typeⅠ, α1 chain, COL1A1)基因的突变情况.方法 收集患者及其家庭成员的临床资料,并采集外周血标本,分离白细胞,提取基因组DNA,以聚合酶链反应扩增COL1A1基因各外显子并进行直接测序分析,同时与50名该地区健康非亲属人员的该基因进行比对.结果 测序分析发现患者COL1A1基因第24位内含子存在剪切突变c.1669-1 G＞A,家庭成员中先证者的父亲、二弟、小侄子3人也存在该基因突变位点,其余表型正常者未见该基因改变.通过检索发现该家系所携带的该基因突变未见报道.结论 本研究发现了1个新的COL1A1基因突变家系和突变位点,但成骨不全与催乳素瘤的关系尚不明了.

摘要： 目的 探讨雌激素受体拮抗剂氟维司群对大鼠泌乳素瘤MMQ细胞系的作用及机制.方法 体外培养MMQ细胞系并分为实验组和对照组.实验组分别加入浓度为0.04、1、25、625 nmol/L氟维司群,对照组加入等量DMSO.MTS法检测各组MMQ细胞增殖,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,ELISA检测泌乳素水平,RT-PCR和Westem blot分别检测雌激素受体α(estrogen receptorα,ERα)、β-catenin和WIF-1的mRNA及蛋白表达水平.采用Wnt-β-catenin通路抑制剂SB 216763和Decitabine,观察其对细胞增殖以及β-catenin和WIF-1表达的影响.结果 氟维司群可抑制细胞增殖和泌乳素的分泌,促进细胞凋亡,均呈剂量依赖性(P＜0.05),IC50=32.4 nmol/L;并诱导细胞ERα和β-catenin的mRNA及蛋白的低表达,WIF-1的mRNA及蛋白的高表达(P＜0.05).与氟维司群组比较,SB 216763+氟维司群组细胞增殖明显,β-catenin的mRNA及蛋白表达升高(P＜0.05).Decitabine处理后细胞WIF-1的mRNA及蛋白表达升高,细胞增殖受到明显抑制(P＜ 0.001).结论 氟维司群能够抑制MMQ细胞系的增殖和泌乳素的分泌,促进细胞凋亡,可能与抑制ERα的表达和抑制Wnt-β-catenin通路的激活有关.

摘要： Objective To investigate the effect of xanthohumol on the biological activity of prolactinoma MMQ cells.Methods MMQ cells were divided into drug group and control group.The cells in drug group were treated with various concentrations of xanthohumol (low dose:0.1 μmol/L,middle dose:1μmol/L,high dose:10 μmol/L),and those in control group was treated with equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).The proliferation of MMQ cells was determined by MTS experiment,and the apoptosis levels by Annexin V/PI and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels by DCFH-DA experiment.The expressions of genes and proteins related to invasion were measured by RT-PCR and western blot.Results Xanthohumol effectively inhibited the proliferation of MMQ in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner.The cell viability was reduced 4％,15％ and 19％ after 24 hours of xanthohumol treatment,and 8％,18％ and 36％ after 48 hours,and 17％,38％ and 52％ after 72 hours.After 24 hours of xanthohumal treatment,Annexin V positive cells accounted for 4.2％,12.1％ and 16.7％ among total cells,and propidium iodide (PI) positive cells were 3.8％,6.7％ and 9.2％.The mRNA levels of E-Cadherin in drug group were 1.34 ± 0.43,2.93 ± 0.78 and 5.33 ± 1.21 folds of those in control group,and protein levels of E-Cadherin were 1.80 ± 0.16,3.20 ± 0.45 and 3.6 ± 0.53 times higher than those in control (P ＜0.01).The mRNA levels of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) in drug group was 0.79 ± 0.37,0.33 ±0.17 and 0.18 ±0.12 folds of those in control group,and the protein levels were 0.52 ± 0.11,0.43 ±0.13 and 0.22 ± 0.07 folds of those in control (P ＜ 0.01).Xanthohumol significantly increased ROS in MMQ cells,and the mean fluorescence intensity in high-dose group was approximately 3.40±0.56 folds of that in control (P ＜0.01).Conclusion Xanthohumol could induce apoptosis and inhibit the expression of genes related to invasion of MMQ cells,which involves the mitochondrial dysfunction.%目的 观察黄腐酚对催乳素腺瘤MMQ细胞生物活性的影响.方法 MMQ细胞分为黄腐酚组和对照组,黄腐酚组给予不同剂量(0.1 μmol/L、1.0 μmol/L和10.0 μmo]/L)的黄腐酚,对照组给予等体积二甲基亚砜(DMSO).细胞增殖实验(MTS法)检测细胞活力的变化;凋亡试剂盒检测细胞凋亡水平;DCFH-DA染色检测各组细胞活性氧的水平.实时定量PCR法(RT-PCR)和Western blot检测侵袭相关基因和蛋白的水平.结果 与对照组相比,黄腐酚不同剂量组处理24 h的细胞活力分别下降4％、15％和19％;48 h下降8％、18％和36％;72 h下降17％、38％和52％.处理24 h后,黄腐酚不同剂量组膜联蛋白V(Annexin V)阳性细胞占总细胞数的比率为4.2％、12.1％和16.7％;碘化丙啶(PI)阳性细胞的比率为3.8％、6.7％和9.2％.处理24 h后黄腐酚不同剂量组E-Cadherin的mRNA水平与对照组的比值分别为1.34±0.43、2.93 ±0.78和5.33±1.21,蛋白水平与对照组的比值分别为为1.80±0.16、3.20 ±0.45和3.60±0.53(均P＜0.01);黄腐酚不同剂量组血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的mRNA与对照组的比值分别为0.79±0.37、0.33±0.17和0.18±0.12,蛋白水平与对照组的比值分别为0.52 ±0.11、0.43±0.13和0.22±0.07(均P＜0.01).黄腐酚不同剂量组处理24h后,DCFH-DA染色显示高剂量组的平均荧光强度与对照组的比值为3.40±0.56(P＜0.01).结论 黄腐酚可引起MMQ细胞线粒体损伤,诱导MMQ细胞凋亡并抑制细胞增殖和侵袭.

摘要： Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and surgical outcome of pituitary prolactinomas in childern and adolescences.Methods Clinical data of 36 pituitary prolactinomas patients in childem and adolescences were analyzed retrospectively.Preoperative imaging examination showed that there were 4 patients with microadenomas,27 with macroadenomas and 5 with giant adenomas.The invasive adenomas were found in 9 patients.All the patients received surgery via transsphenoidal approach.Results Total resection was achieved in 32 patients (88.9％) and subtotal resection in 4 (11.1％).Thirty patients were followed up for one year.Tumor recurrence occurred in 5 patients including drug treatment in 2 patients,second surgery in 2 and radiotherapy in 1.Conclusions Transsphenoidal approach surgery is the effective treatment for prolactinomas in children and adolescences.The tumor has the tendency to grow aggressively and recur,and the medicine treatment may be continously used after surgery.The pituitary MRI and endocrine hormones should be regularly examined to evaluate the tumor recurrence.%目的 探讨儿童及青少年垂体泌乳素腺瘤的临床特点及手术治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析36例儿童及青少年垂体泌乳素腺瘤病人的临床资料.术前影像学检查显示:微腺瘤4例,大腺瘤27例,巨大腺瘤5例;侵袭性腺瘤9例,均行经鼻蝶窦入路手术.结果 肿瘤全切除32例(88.9％),次全切除4例(11.1％).随访30例,时间1年,复发5例,其中药物治疗2例,再次手术治疗2例,放疗1例.结论 经鼻蝶窦入路手术是儿童及青少年垂体泌乳素瘤的有效治疗方法.肿瘤具有侵袭性生长及复发倾向,术后可继续应用药物治疗,需定期复查垂体MRI及内分泌激素以评估肿瘤复发情况.

摘要： OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical efficacy and safety of different dosages of bromocriptine in the treatment pro-lactinoma,and its effects on serum prolactin(PRL)and tumor volume. METHODS:A total of 60 patients with prolactinoma were selected from our hospital during Jan.-Dec. 2015 as research objects,and then divided into group A and B according to random number table,with 30 cases in each group. Both groups were given Bromocriptine mesilate tablets orally during meal. Group A was given medicine with initial dose of 2.5 mg/d,increasing to 3.75 mg/d 3 d later,increasing by 2.5 mg every week after 2-3 d,and then recovering to 3.75 mg/d till serum PRL level had been controlled. Group B was given medicine with initial dose of 1.25 mg/d, increasing to 2.5 mg/d 3 d later,increasing by 1.25-2.5 mg every week after 2-3 d,and then recovering to 2.5 mg/d till serum PRL level recovered to normal. Both groups were treated for consecutive 3 months. Clinical efficacies as well as serum level of PRL and tumor size were observed in 2 groups,and the occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS:The total response rate of group A (83.33％) was higher than that of group B (66.67％),without statistical significance (P>0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in serum level of PRL and tumor size between 2 groups (P>0.05). After 1,2 months of treatment,serum levels of PRL in 2 groups were decreased significantly,and the group A was significantly lower than the group B,with statistical significance(P0.05). After treatment,tumor size of 2 groups were decreased significantly,and large adenoma and giant adenoma size in group A were significantly smaller than group B,with statisti-cal significance(P0.05). The inci-dence of ADR in group A(12 cases,40.00％)was significantly higher than group B(5 cases,16.67％),with statistical signifi-cance(P0.05).治疗前,两组患者血清PRL水平和各类型肿瘤的长径比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).治疗1、2个月,两组患者血清PRL水平均较治疗前明显降低,且A组明显低于B组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05).治疗后,两组患者各类型肿瘤的长径均明显减小,A组患者大腺瘤和巨大腺瘤的长径均明显小于B组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05).A组患者的不良反应发生率(12例,40.00％)明显高于B组(5例,16.67％),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:增大溴隐亭的剂量对催乳素瘤的临床疗效无显著影响,但可缩短患者血清PRL水平恢复正常的时间、缩小肿瘤体积,而其不良反应发生率随剂量增大而增加.

摘要： 目的：探讨神经内镜下经鼻蝶手术治疗垂体腺瘤的临床疗效。方法选择176例垂体腺瘤患者患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。其中82例患者采用显微镜手术治疗（A组），94例患者采用神经内镜治疗（B组）。比较两组手术时间、术后住院时间、全切率、激素水平恢复率、并发症情况。结果 A组手术时间为（103．5±21．5）min，术后住院天数（7．8±1．1）d，全切为78例；B组手术时间为（109．1±25．8）min，术后住院天数（5．2±1．0）d，全切为91例；两组手术时间、全切差异均无统计学意义（t＝1．551，χ2＝0．034，均P＞0.05），A组术后住院天数显著较B组长，差异有统计学意义（t＝16．422，P＜0．01）。两组术后激素水平恢复率差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0．010，P＞0．05）。A组一过性尿崩症、鼻相关症状并发症发生率显著高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（χ2＝10．746，P＜0．01，χ2＝5．146，P＜0．05）；脑脊液鼻漏、垂体功能低下、颅内血肿、颅内感染、视力障碍加重发生率两组差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0．05）。结论神经内镜经鼻蝶手术治疗垂体腺瘤与显微镜下手术具有相似的临床疗效，但是并发症发生率更低、术后住院时间更短。%Objective To explore the clinical curative effect of neural endoscopic nasal adjustment surgical treatment for pituitary adenomas.Methods The clinical data of 176 patients with pituitary adenoma were retrospec-tively analyzed.82 patients in group A used microscopic surgery treatment,94 cases were treated by nerve endoscopic treatment(group B).The operation time,postoperative hospital stay time,the cutting rate,hormone levels,recovery rate and complications were compared between the two groups.Results In group A,the operation time,postoperative hospitalization time,the whole cut were (103.5 ±21.5)min,(7.8 ±1.1)d,78 cases,those of group B were (109.1 ±25.8)min,(5.2 ±1.0)d,91 cases,the operation time,whole cut of the two groups had no statistically significant differences(t=1 .55 1 ,χ2 =0.034,all P>0.05 ).The postoperative hospitalization time of group A was longer than that of group B,the difference was statistically significant(t=16.422,P0.05).In group A,the transient diabetes insipidus,nasal symptoms,complications were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(χ2 =10.746,P 0.05 ).Conclusion Neural endoscopic nasal adjustment of surgical treatment of pituitary adenoma and the microscopic surgery has similar clinical curative effect,but has a lower incidence of complications and shorter postop-erative hospital stay.

摘要： 本文提出两项新指标："催乳素水平与腺瘤最大直径的比值(PRL/MD)"与"催乳素水平与腺瘤体积的比值(PRL/V)",对比它们和催乳素(PRL)的鉴别"催乳素瘤"与"引起高催乳素血症的其他垂体腺瘤"的能力.PRL、PRL/MD和PRL/V都能较准确地在治疗前鉴别“催乳素瘤”与“引起高催乳素血症的其他垂体腺瘤”。但对PRL介于正常上限和250μg/L之间的垂体大腺瘤患者，PRL/V的鉴别结果最准确，最佳鉴别水平约为18.00μg/(L·cm3)。

摘要： 催乳素(PRL)瘤是临床最多见的功能性垂体腺瘤,目前,国内外普遍采用以溴隐亭为代表的多巴胺激动剂的治疗方案,但是药费昂贵、副作用大而且易于复发,因此,探求传统中医诊治方法,将会为这类疾病的治疗提供更多的选择.本研究中药降乳散对大鼠高PRL血症和PRL瘤的治疗效果,从分子水平探讨降乳散的作用机制. 结果显示降乳散具有杀伤PRL瘤细胞的作用，而不是从下丘脑水平对PRL细胞增生的抑制作用，降乳散对PRL瘤的治疗疗效持久，从理论上说，不会出现停药复发的情况。

摘要： 本发明公开了湖羊催乳素基因SNP位点的应用，所述的SNP位点为PRL4244位点、PRL1228位点、PRL1039位点、PRL2351位点和PRL4591位点。本发明通过研究湖羊催乳素基因SNP位点，对于提高泌乳量或改善湖羊泌乳性状具有显著的意义。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种与番鸭产蛋性状相关的催乳素基因SNP分子标记及其应用，属于生物技术领域，该分子标记包括：SNP5、SNP6和/或SNP7；其中，所述SNP5位于如SEQ ID No.1所示序列的Chr2:48996109位点，等位基因为C＞A；所述SNP6位于如SEQ ID No.1所示序列的Chr2:48996350位点，等位基因为T＞C；所述SNP7位于如SEQ ID No.1所示序列的Chr2:48996351位点，等位基因为插入/缺失；本发明可以准确鉴定不同周龄的番鸭产蛋性状，为分子标记辅助选择育种提供新的分子标记。

摘要： 本发明公开了大熊猫催乳素(PRL)单克隆抗体的制备及应用，属于生物学技术领域，抗大熊猫PRL单克隆抗体第一杂交瘤细胞株11906‑14，保藏编号：CCTCC NO：C2018126；抗大熊猫PRL单克隆抗体第二杂交瘤细胞株11906‑5保藏编号：CCTCC NO：C2018127。本发明利用细胞融合技术，建立分泌抗大熊猫PRL单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株，收集并纯化细胞株培养上清，获得高特异性PRL单克隆抗体，并建立高特异性的PRL单克隆抗体应用于Western Blot蛋白检测，为PRL蛋白的定位和组织表达信息，及利用PRL高特异性的单克隆抗体对PRL受体进行深入研究，为特异性配体、拮抗物、抗拮抗物的发现创造条件。同时为进一步探讨PRL分泌及基因调控，揭示生殖生理规律，提供了新的资料和思路。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种黄鳝生长催乳素抗血清及其制备方法与应用，该抗血清通过构建含有SEQ ID NO:4所示核酸分子的表达质粒，转染细菌获得重组菌，使用异丙基‑β‑D‑硫代半乳糖苷诱导表达，分离纯化得到黄鳝Sml抗原，然后将黄鳝Sml抗原常规免疫试验动物，三次免疫后收集血清，即得黄鳝生长催乳素抗血清。该方法操作简单、制备高效，制备的得到的抗血清效价高，可达到可达1：4096000以上，而且特异性强，不会受到其他垂体激素的干扰。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种与番鸭产蛋性状相关的催乳素基因SNP分子标记及其应用，属于生物技术领域，该分子标记包括：SNP5、SNP6和/或SNP7；其中，所述SNP5位于如SEQ ID No.1所示序列的Chr2:48996109位点，等位基因为C＞A；所述SNP6位于如SEQ ID No.1所示序列的Chr2:48996350位点，等位基因为T＞C；所述SNP7位于如SEQ ID No.1所示序列的Chr2:48996351位点，等位基因为插入/缺失；本发明可以准确鉴定不同周龄的番鸭产蛋性状，为分子标记辅助选择育种提供新的分子标记。

摘要： 本发明涉及一种治疗男性精神分裂症血清催乳素增高疾病的中药组合物，所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料药制成：炒白芍29‑31份、炙甘草29‑31份。本发明还提供了中药组合物的用途。本发明两组患者血清催乳素协方差的比较显示经过12周治疗后芍药甘草汤组有降低的情况，安慰剂组有升高的情况，两组之间存在统计学差异，提示使用芍药甘草汤会改善患者的血清催乳素。患者的性激素五项(促黄体生成素、促卵泡成熟素、孕酮、雌二醇、睾酮)差值经过12周治疗前后均无统计学差异，提示芍药甘草汤治疗血清催乳素但不影响患者的其他五项性激素指标。

摘要： 本发明涉及一种兽医用组合物和一种通过乳房内途径施用所述组合物以更有效和更安全的方式减少，尤其在干乳期开始时停止挤奶后，产乳反刍动物产奶量的方法。

摘要： 本发明属于生物技术领域，具体涉及一种纯化鹅垂体天然催乳素蛋白的免疫亲和层析及蛋白纯化方法。首先利用基因工程技术原核表达鹅重组催乳素蛋白，并将重组催乳素蛋白作为抗原，通过免疫兔，制备兔抗鹅催乳素多克隆抗体。然后利用催乳素多克隆抗体与CNBr‑activated Sepharose 4B化学交联形成固相化抗体，制备免疫亲和层析柱，使用该免疫亲和柱对鹅垂体组织蛋白进行处理，可以特异性纯化鹅垂体组织天然催乳素蛋白。本发明首次利用兔抗鹅催乳素多克隆抗体用于免疫亲和层析柱的研制，用于纯化鹅垂体组织中天然催乳素蛋白，该免疫亲和亲和层析柱可重复利用，有利于降低制备成本，且制备方法简易，操作时间短。纯化效率较高，引入杂质少，为催乳素蛋白的纯化提供了新方法。

摘要： 提供了一种宽浓度范围(特别是高浓度)、基本上不含盐的抗催乳素受体抗体制剂，所述制剂基本上是等渗的并具有低粘度。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种治疗催乳素瘤的中药制剂，它是由续断、杜仲、菟丝子、沙苑子、生麦芽、浙贝母、女贞子、覆盆子、桑葚子、原蚕蛾、刺蒺藜、紫石英、葫芦巴、徐长卿、露蜂房、天龙、半边莲、红豆杉、山慈菇、白花蛇舌草、皂角刺、醋龟板按照一定的重量配比制成，具有温补肝肾、滋阴养血、平肝解郁、消痈散结的功效，治疗效果显著。