摘要：
目的：探讨Beagle犬骨髓像各个细胞系正常值的参数范围及其细胞形态学特征，并和正常成人的骨髓像进行了比较，为了给新药临床前研究中受试物作用的靶器官是造血系统的临床前药物安全评价研究实验提供诊断依据。方法对30只实验对照用Beagle犬（雌雄各半）和正常成人的骨髓涂片用瑞-姬氏混合染色液染色后进行形态学观察，油镜下，分类计数粒细胞系统，红细胞系统，淋巴细胞系统，单核细胞系统，浆细胞系统及其他细胞，总计500个有核细胞，以百分率表示。高倍镜下计数全片巨核细胞数并计算其粒红比值。用SPSS19.0进行配对比较，计算t值和P值。结果 Beagle犬正常骨髓像中骨髓细胞名称，骨髓增生变化的分级，骨髓细胞各系统、各阶段的细胞形态学的划分基本是参见人的骨髓细胞学分类标准进行，Beagle犬和正常成人在粒细胞系统，红细胞系统，巨核细胞系统等六大系统细胞存在显著性差异（P＜0.01或＜0.05）。正常情况下，Beagle犬同系同阶段的骨髓细胞胞体均比人的略小，犬粒细胞系统可见环核，核染色质比人粗糙，胞质量没有人的粒细胞胞质丰富；Beagle犬成熟淋巴细胞一般＜10%,正常成人成熟淋巴细胞20%～30%；Beagle犬骨髓像中颗粒型巨核细胞明显比人多，并常见破骨细胞。Beagle犬的粒红比可简记为2～2.2倍。人的粒红比值2～4倍。结论 Beagle犬和正常成人在骨髓有核细胞增生程度，有核细胞（粒系，红系，巨核系），淋巴细胞，非造血细胞的数量和形态学特征等方面存在显著差异。通过犬和正常成人骨髓像的比较，给深入研究药物对造血系统的改变提供了参考数值。%Objective To investigate the parameter range of the normal value and morphological features of bone marrow cells between Beagle dog and normal adult, and provide a diagnostic basis for the research that the target organs of test samples function in the preclinical study of new medicines is the safety evaluation research experiment of the pre-clinical medicines of hematopoietic system.Methods30 experimental control Beagle dogs (half male and half female) and normal adults' bone marrow smear were Rui-Ji mixed staining fluid, and morphologically observed. Under the oil microscopy, there were a total 500 nucleated cells, such as differential counting granulocyte system, erythrocyte system, lymphocyte system, monocyte system, plasmocyte system and other cells, which was expressed with a percentage. Under a high power microscopy, the number of megakaryocytes and calculate their myeloid erythroid ratio were counted. Made a pair comparison with SPSS19.0 and compute t value and P value.ResultsName of bone marrow cells in normal marrow picture of Beagle dogs, the classification of the change of bone marrow hyperplasia, and the classification of cell morphology of each system and phase of bone marrow cells basically referenced the classification standards of the human's bone marrow cells. P value of granulocyte system, erythrocyte system, megakaryocyte system and so on six big systems cells of Beagle dogs and normal adults was less than 0.01 or less than 0.0005, so there were significant differences. Under normal circumstances, the cell body of the bone marrow cells of homologous Beagle dog in the same phase was slightly smaller than people's, dogs' granulocyte system had a visible core-annulus, and their nuclear chromatin was rougher than people's, and their quality of cells was less rich than peoples' granulocytes; The mature lymphocytes of Beagle dog was usually less than 10%, and the mature lymphocytes of normal adults was between 20% and 30%; The number of granular megakaryocytes in born marrow picture of Beagle dogs was obviously larger than that of people, and there were usually osteoclasts. The myeloid erythroid ratio of Beagle dog could be counted as 2 to 2.2 times and people's myeloid erythroid ratio was 2 to 4 times.Conclusion There are differences in terms of the hyperplasia degree of bone marrow nucleated cells, the number and morphological features of nucleated cells (granulocytes, erythrocytes, megakaryocytes), lymphocytes, non-hematopoietic cells of Beagle dogs and normal adults. Through the comparison of bone marrow picture of dogs and normal adults, it provides referential data for an in-depth research that the medicines change the hematopoietic system.
