摘要:
黑种草(Nigella),属毛茛科,为一年生草本植物,原产于地中海地区和北非,我国新疆、西藏和云南也有种植.作为药用的黑种草主要有3种,分别是瘤果黑种草(Nigella glanduli era)、果黑种草(Nigella sativa)和黑种草(Nigella damascena).黑种草的种子(以下简称“黑种草子”)含有多种成分,包括生物碱、皂苷、不饱和脂肪酸、挥发油等,具有抗氧化、抗炎等药理作用.黑种草子很早就被用于多种疾病的治疗,如哮喘、头痛、糖尿病等.近几年发现黑种草子油通过减少药物蓄积、抗氧化、抗炎、抗凋亡和抗纤维化对药物性肾损害也有改善作用.笔者对近年来有关黑种草子油改善药物性肾损害的作用机制做一综述,为进一步的开发利用提供参考.%Nigella,a member of the Ranunculaceae family,is a herbaceous annual plant.It is native to Mediterranean and North Africa and also planted in Xinjiang,Xizang and Yunnan of our country.There are 3 kinds of Nigella with medicinal values,including Nigella glandulifera,Nigella sativa and Nigella damascena.The seeds of Nigella contain many ingredients,including alkaloids,saponins,unsaturated fatty acids,volatile oils,etc.,which have various pharmacological effects,such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.Nigella seeds have long been used to treat a variety of diseases,including asthma,headache,diabetes etc.Recently,the oil of Nigella seeds has been demonstrated that it can ameliorate nephrotoxicity induced by drugs though reducing accumulation of drugs,anti-oxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-apoptotic and anti-fibrosis.This paper reviewed the mechanism of Nigella seed oil to ameliorate drug induced kidney inj ury in recent years,which may be useful for further investigations.