摘要：
The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of different back fat thickness on the litter number,the number of stillbirths and the newborn litter weight,with Yorkshire sows as the research object.120 Yorkshire sows of 3 parities were taken to determine their backfat thickness before delivery,and they were divided into thin group (＜16 mm),moderate (16～22 mm) and thick(＞22 mm) group according to backfat thickness.At the same time,the indexes such as litter size,the number born alive,stillbirth,stillbirth rate and neonatal litter weight were recorded.The results show that moderate group had significantly higher litter size (11.62 piglets) than the other two groups(9.83 and 9.61) (P＜0.05);the number of live birth of thick group was 11.62,significantly higher than that of the other two,namely,8.82 and 8.00 (P＜0.05);the birth litter weight of moderate group was 17.71 kg,extremely higher than the other two groups:14.36 kg and 12.54 kg (P＜0.01);and the stillbirth number and stillbirth rate of moderate group were 0.10 and 0.01％,extremely lower than the other two groups (P＜0.01).Therefore,it is concluded moderate backfat thickness of pregnant sow have a positive effect on improving litter size,the number of live birth,newborn litter weight,and on reducing stillbirth number and stillbirth rate.In production,the feeding and management on pregnant sow should be strengthened so as to ensure its thickness and improve economic benefit.%为了探讨妊娠母猪不同背膘厚度对其窝产仔数、死胎数和初生窝重的影响,对120头3胎次的约克夏母猪在分娩前进行背膘测定,根据背膘厚度分为薄组(＜16 mm)、适中组(16～22 mm)和厚组(＞22 mm)3组,同时记录母猪产仔数、产活仔数、死胎数、死胎率和初生窝重.结果表明,背膘厚度适中组的产仔数11.62头,显著高于背膘厚度薄组产仔数9.83头和厚组9.61头(P＜0.05);背膘厚度适中组的窝产活仔数为11.62头,显著高于背膘厚度薄组窝产活仔数8.82头和厚组8.00头(P＜0.05);背膘厚度适中组初生窝重为17.71 kg,极显著高于背膘厚度薄组初生窝重14.36 kg和厚组12.54 kg(P＜0.01);背膘厚度适中组的死胎数和死胎率分别为0.10头和0.01％均极显著低于背膘厚度薄组和厚组(P＜0.01).研究结果表明,妊娠母猪膘情适中对于提高窝产仔数、窝产活仔数和初生窝重以及降低死胎数和死胎率有积极作用,在生产中应积极加强对妊娠母猪的饲养管理,确保妊娠母猪膘情使用,从而提高经济效益.
