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综述[文献类型]

综述[文献类型]的相关文献在2003年到2018年内共计413篇,主要集中在法律、内科学、肿瘤学 等领域,其中期刊论文413篇、专利文献15552篇;相关期刊18种,包括法医学杂志、中国司法鉴定、河北中医等; 综述[文献类型]的相关文献由1002位作者贡献,包括陈忆九、朱广友、朱宝利等。

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期刊论文>

论文:413 占比:2.59%

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论文:15552 占比:97.41%

总计:15965篇

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综述[文献类型]

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  • 陈忆九
  • 朱广友
  • 朱宝利
  • 李成涛
  • 蔡继峰
  • 邵煜
  • 刘宁国
  • 李正东
  • 范利华
  • 蔡伟雄
  • 期刊论文
  • 专利文献

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    • 易林洪; 郑欣; 赵凤朝; 郭开今
    • 摘要: 脊柱、骨盆和下肢构成的骨骼支架,共同维持着躯体在矢状面的整体平衡.髋关节疾病患者在矢状面上会出现不同程度的异常表现,众多参数已被应用到评价患者生存质量和术后临床效果上.随着脊柱骨盆矢状面平衡的研究深入,髋关节疾病的矢状面平衡逐渐被更多的学者重视.因此本文对脊柱-骨盆矢状面形态的影像学评价、临床意义和在髋关节疾病患者中的研究现状作一综述,为后续的研究提供参考.%Spine and pelvis constitute the stent body and jointly maintain the overall body balance in the sagittal plane.Sagittal balance in patients with hip disease may have different degrees of abnormal changes.Many parameters have been linked to evaluate the quality of life of patients and postoperative outcome.Researchers have gradually started to pay attention to sagittal balance of the patients with hip disease in recent years.Therefore, this article reviewed the spinal-pelvic sagittal balance imaging and its clinical significance in the study of patients with hip diseases to provide a reference for future research.
    • 马诗雨; 李如波; 罗宇家; 吕孟妍; 王汉志; 王正印
    • 摘要: 细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶5(cyclin-dependent kinase 5,CDK5)是CDK家族中一类不直接调控细胞周期的蛋白.CDK5通过靶蛋白的磷酸化在神经细胞的发育、修复及退行性变等方面发挥着不可替代的作用.脑损伤是指暴力作用于头部造成的脑组织器质性损伤,由于损伤发生后机体启动应激及修复机制,脑组织中变化的多种蛋白及酶类物质可作为损伤时间判定的指标.本文就CDK5的分布、活性机制、生理作用及其脑损伤研究与其作为脑损伤标志物可能性的研究进展进行综述.
    • 罗宇家; 李如波; 马诗雨; 吕孟妍
    • 摘要: 缺氧缺血性脑损伤(hypoxic-ischemic brain damage,HIBD)是指由于外力作用造成的脑皮质浅层出血而软脑膜完整的一种脑部损伤.近年来的研究表明,多种免疫细胞及细胞因子参与了HIBD的发生.CC趋化因子受体2(CC chemokine receptor 2,CCR2)是CC型趋化因子的代表受体,广泛分布于脑组织内神经元、星形胶质细胞及小胶质细胞,是脑组织中主要的趋化因子受体.CC趋化因子配体2(CC chemokine ligand 2,CCL2)为碱性蛋白,是CCR2的配体,在炎症反应中发挥重要的作用.本文对CCR2和CCL2的生物学特性进行介绍,并对CCR2和CCL2与HIBD的关系进行阐述,以期为HIBD的相关研究提供线索.
    • 任冠恒; 翁榕花; 施妍; 黄平; 李正东; 邵煜; 邓恺飞; 刘宁国; 陈忆九
    • 摘要: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tim e-of-flight im aging m ass spectrom etry (MALDI-TOF-IMS ) has been a classical technique for studying proteom ics in present and a tool for analyzing the distribution of proteins and sm all m olecules w ithin biological tissue sections. MALDI-TOF-IMS can analyze m ultiple unknow n com pounds in biological tissue sections sim ultaneously through a single m ea-surem ent w hich can obtain m olecule im aging of the tissue w hile m aintaining the integrity of cellular and m olecules in tissue. In recent years, im aging m ass spectrom etry technique develops relatively quickly in all biom edical dom ain. T his paper based on the relevant data and review s the present developing level of MALDI-TOF-IMS, the principle of im aging m ass spectrom etry, m ethology and the prospect in foren-sic pathology.%基质辅助激光解吸/电离-飞行时间质谱成像(matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight imaging mass spectrometry,MALDI-TOF-IMS)技术已成为目前蛋白质组学研究中的经典技术,是一种研究生物组织切片中蛋白质和小分子物质分布的工具。MALDI-TOF-IMS通过单次扫描就能够同时分析生物组织切片中的各种未知组分,在保持组织中细胞和分子完整性的同时获取组织的分子成像图。近年来,质谱成像技术在生物医学各领域中有了较快发展,本文综合文献资料对MALDI-TOF-IMS技术目前的发展水平、质谱成像原理、方法学以及在法医病理学中的应用前景进行了综述。
    • 张雅琪; 邵诚臣; 李成涛; 赵子琴; 谢建辉
    • 摘要: RNA has received m ore attention in the field of forensic m edicine and the developm ent of the new biological m arkers based on RNA show s great significance in the analysis of com plex cases. circular RNA (circRNA ) is a kind of non-coding RNA w hich is w idely reported recently. A lthough the regulatory m echanism s of generation and expression are not fully clear, the existing research indicates that circRNA has im portant biological functions. C ircRNA has a cell-type-specific expression w ith great stability and a high expression level, w hich m akes it m eaningful in forensic applications potentially. In this paper, the research progress, the generation and regulation of circRNA as w ell as its biological characteristics and functions are sum m arized, w hich w ill provide references for related studies and foren-sic applications.%RNA在法医学领域中越来越受到重视,发展以RNA为基础的新生物标记在复杂案例分析中具有重要的意义。环形RNA(circular RNA,circRNA)是最近被广泛报道的一类非编码RNA,虽然其生成和表达调节机制目前尚未完全清楚,但现有的研究表明circRNA具有重要的生物学功能。 circRNA具有细胞表达特异性,稳定性好且表达丰富等特点,使其在法医学应用中具有潜在意义。本文对circRNA的研究历程及生成调节机制、生物学属性及其生物学功能进行总结,希望能为相关研究和法医学应用提供参考。
    • 张运阁; 李春晓; 管国富; 吕铭; 程荷英; 陈焕
    • 摘要: 外伤性癫痫(post traumatic epilepsy,PTE)是指颅脑损伤后的癫痫性发作,影像学检查可见器质性病变,脑电图检查可见异常脑电波与颅脑损伤部位一致.外伤后癫痫发生率低,案例报道较少,患者易夸大病情,给法医学鉴定增加难度.本文就外伤性癫痫流行病学、发病机制、临床治疗、法医学鉴定等方面的现状进行综述.%Post traumatic epilepsy(PTE)refers to the epileptic seizures after traumatic brain injury. Or-ganic damage can be found by imaging examination, and abnormal electroencephalogram can be detected via electroencephalogram examination which has the similar location of the brain injury. PTE has the characteristics of low incidence, absence of case reports, and easy to exaggerate the state of illness, which add difficulties to the forensic identification. This paper reviews the status of epidemiology, patho-genesis, clinical treatment and forensic identification for PTE.
    • 邹凯南; 桂程; 曹禹; 杨帆; 周怀谷
    • 摘要: 犯罪现场中人体生物性物质来源鉴定在重现犯罪过程方面发挥了重要作用,寻找特异性遗传标记鉴定人体不同生物性物质来源是近年来法医学工作者研究的重点和难点.本文就目前研究较多的用于人体生物性物质来源鉴定的遗传标记进行综述,包括DNA甲基化、mRNA、microRNA、微生物菌群、蛋白质等.通过比较不同种类遗传标记鉴定人体生物性物质来源的原理和方法,发现人体不同生物性物质来源的鉴定都有其最适合的遗传标记种类,并且可以采用单一遗传标记或联合多种遗传标记进行检验.尽管目前各法医学实验室无统一的标准和方法鉴定人体生物性物质来源,但研究开发一系列成熟可靠的方法区分人体不同生物性物质,进而发挥其法庭证据作用,将是未来的发展方向.%Source identification of human biological materials in crime scene plays an important role in reconstructing the crime process. Searching specific genetic markers to identify the source of different human biological materials is the emphasis and difficulty of the research work of legal medical experts in recent years. This paper reviews the genetic markers which are used for identifying the source of human biological materials and studied widely, such as DNA methylation, mRNA, microRNA, microflora and protein, etc. By comparing the principles and methods of source identification of human biological materials using different kinds of genetic markers, different source of human biological material owns suitable marker types and can be identified by detecting single genetic marker or combined multiple genetic markers. Though there is no uniform standard and method for identifying the source of human biological materials in forensic laboratories at present, the research and development of a series of mature and reliable methods for distinguishing different human biological materials play the role as forensic evi-dence which will be the future development direction.
    • 张素华; 边英男; 赵琪; 李成涛
    • 摘要: 近几年二代测序(second generation sequencing,SGS)技术的快速发展,使其在通量增大、读长增加的同时测序成本大幅降低,给生物学领域带来了新的突破,也使法医遗传学进入了一个新的发展阶段.本文从测序技术在法医遗传学的应用历程展开,回顾了测序技术对法医学遗传标记检测的重要性.以已有相关法医学研究应用的Roche、Illumina和Life Technologies三大测序技术公司推出的二代测序技术平台为例,探讨其在法医遗传学中的应用现状及潜能.目前可依赖这些平台完成DNA水平遗传标记(SNP、STR)、RNA水平遗传标记(mRNA、microRNA)及线粒体DNA全基因组的测序.然而,技术产品的推出及验证、分析软件的成熟化、与现有数据库的对接、大数据使用中的伦理问题等都是决定该技术能否替代(或补充)成熟PCR毛细管电泳技术以及普遍应用于案件检测的关键.
    • 刘成刚; 陆玉军; 高静; 刘清
    • 摘要: The finite element method(FEM)is a numerical computation method based on computer tech-nology, and has been gradually applied in the fields of medicine and biomechanics. The finite element analysis can be used to explore the loading process and injury mechanism of human body in traffic in-jury. FEM is also helpful for the forensic investigation in traffic injury. This paper reviews the develop-ment of the finite element models and analysis of brain, cervical spine, chest and abdomen, pelvis, limbs at home and aboard in traffic injury in recent years.%有限元方法(finite element method,FEM)是一种基于计算机技术的数值计算方法,目前已逐渐被应用于医学及生物力学领域.通过有限元分析,可以研究交通损伤中人体结构的受力过程分析和受伤机制,为交通损伤的法医学鉴定提供帮助.本文综述了近年来国内外在交通损伤中颅脑、颈椎、胸腹部、骨盆及四肢的有限元建模和分析进展.
    • 丁杨; 鲁琴; 胡寅
    • 摘要: 糖尿病酮症酸中毒是糖尿病患者一种处于高糖、高酮状态并且导致代谢失代偿的危险并发症.这类死者常规法医学检查无特异性表现,需要进行死后生物化学指标分析.死后生物化学是一种采集死者体液进行生物化学检测,从而判断死者生前的代谢状态进而明确死因的检查方法.本文综述了糖尿病酮症酸中毒死亡的基本情况、法医学检查表现,并着重阐述运用于诊断糖尿病酮症酸中毒的死后生化指标,从而总结糖尿病酮症酸中毒死亡的法医学诊断思路.
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