Age

摘要： As the average age of the world population increases,more people will face debilitating aging-associated conditions,including dementia and stroke.Not only does the incidence of these conditions increase with age,but the recovery afterward is often worse in older patients.Researchers and health professionals must unveil and understand the factors behind age-associated diseases to develop a therapy for older patients.Aging causes profound changes in the immune system including the activation of microglia in the brain.Activated microglia promote T lymphocyte transmigration leading to an increase in neuroinflammation,white matter damage,and cognitive impairment in both older humans and rodents.The presence of T and B lymphocytes is observed in the aged brain and correlates with worse stroke outcomes.Preclinical strategies in stroke target either microglia or the lymphocytes or the communications between them to promote functional recovery in aged subjects.In this review,we examine the role of the microglia and T and B lymphocytes in aging and how they contribute to cognitive impairment.Additionally,we provide an important update on the contribution of these cells and their interactions in preclinical aged stroke.

摘要： Community participation in forestry management is a good approach to protecting forests and woodlands. This study was carried out to assess factors affecting community participation in forestry management in Chiradzulu District. The study employed a mixed-method approach where qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Results showed that there is an almost equal percentage of female and male respondents who participated in forestry management. The Logit model analysis shows that education variables are positive and statistically significant proving that education influences participation in forestry management and hence education is an important variable in determining households’ participation in forestry. Only the age group of 45 - 59 years was significant but had a negative coefficient with a moderate marginal effect at 59% (r = 0.59) implying that many people in this age group participated in forestry activities than other age groups. When the size of household land ownership was used as a proxy to indicate household wealth and then correlated with participation in forestry activities, a positive and significant correlation between households that owned 1 - 2 acres and 3 - 5 acres of land and their participation in forestry activities was observed. It can be concluded that the size of land owned is one of the key factors that determine households’ participation in forestry management. Furthermore, a connection between land size distribution and effects on environmental resources was evident.

摘要： The goals of this study were to determine the weekly milk production of Saanen goats at UniSZA Pasir Akar Farm,and to evaluate milk production and composition in three age groups.From January 2021 to May 2021,a study was conducted at the UniSZA Pasir Akar Farm in Besut,Terengganu.Ninety goat milk samples were collected and stored in sterile falcon tubes.Milk samples were stored in an insulated box at 5°C before being transported to the laboratory and stored at-20°C until further analysis.Milk samples were analyzed in four replicates for each sample group using the Milkotester.The one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)method was used to analyze raw data among age groups,with p<0.05 indicating a significant difference.The highest milk yield was produced by four-year-old goats(943.9 g/d),followed by three-year-old goats(850.5 g/d)and two-year-old goats(571.1 g/d),respectively.Solid non-fat(SNF),protein,and lactose content showed the highest in percentage in the 3-year old group,at 7.80%,2.80%,and 4.27%,respectively.However,the fat content revealed an unusual pattern,with 2.87%,2.77%,and 3.33%representing 2,3 and 4 years old.This occurred due to other factors such as feed,breed,and age.In conclusion,this study found a significant difference in milk yield and composition across three age groups.However,this is only a preliminary result based on a small number of animals and a short study period.Future studies will perhaps,use larger sample sizes and parameters to validate the current result.

摘要： BACKGROUND Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma(FL-HCC)is a rare and distinct type of hepatocellular carcinoma that frequently presents in an advanced stage in younger patients with no underlying liver disease.Currently,there is a limited understanding of factors that impact outcomes in FL-HCC.AIM To characterize the survival of FL-HCC by age,race,and surgical intervention.METHODS This is a retrospective study of The Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results database.We identified patients with FL-HCC between 2000-2018 by using an ICD-O-3 site code C22.0 and a histology code 8171/3:Hepatocellular carcinoma,fibrolamellar.In addition,demographics,tumor characteristics,types of surgical procedure,stages,and survival data were obtained.We conducted three separate survival analyses by age groups;≤19,20-59,and≥60-year-old,and race;White,Black,Hispanic,Asian and Pacific islanders(API),and surgical types;Wedge resection or segmental resection,lobectomy,extended lobectomy(lobectomy+locoregional therapy or resection of the other lobe),and transplant.The Chi-Square test analyzed categorical variables,and continuous variables were examined using the Mann-Whitney U test.The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to compare survival.Multivariate analysis was done with Cox regression analysis.RESULTS We identified 225 FL-HCC patients with a mean age of 36.9.Overall median survival was 34(95%CI:27-41)mo.Patients≤19-years-old had more advanced disease with positive lymph nodes status.However,they received more surgical interventions such as a wedge,segmental resection,lobectomy,extended lobectomy,and transplant.Survival for≤19 was 85(95%CI:37-137)mo,age 20-59 was 29(95%CI:18-41)mo,and age≥60 years was 12(95%CI:7-31)mo(P<0.001).There were no differences in stage,lymph node status,metastasis status,and surgical treatment among races.The median survival were;Whites had 39(95%CI:29-63),Blacks 26(95%CI:5-92),Hispanics 31(95%CI:11-54),and APIs 28(95%CI:5-39)mo(P=0.28).Of 225 patients,111 FL-HCC patients had surgical procedures.Median survivals for a wedge or segmental resection was 112(95%CI:78-NA),lobectomy was 92(95%CI:57-NA),extended lobectomy was 54(95%CI:23-NA),and a transplant was 63(95%CI:20-NA)mo(P<0.001).The median survival was better in patients who had surgical treatments regardless of lymph nodes or metastasis status(P<0.001).CONCLUSION FL-HCC occurs in a primarily younger population,but survival can be prolonged despite the aggressive disease.There were no racial differences in the survival of FL-HCC;however,Asians with FL-HCC tended to be older than in other races.Surgical treatment provided better survival even in those patients with nodal disease or metastases.Although future studies are needed to explore other therapies for FL-HCC,surgical options should be considered in all cases of FL-HCC unless contraindicated.

摘要： Allergy is an adverse immunologic response of increasing prevalence and severity in which immunoglobulin E plays a pivotal role. Total IgE (tIgE) levels show wide variations depending on various factors, such as age, sex, ethnicity, and geographic area. This study set out to quantitatively determine the serum tIgE levels in Bangladeshi population who were clinically suspected cases of allergic diseases and to find out the association of tIgE level with their age and gender. This cross-sectional descriptive exploratory study was conducted at Biomed Diagnostics Laboratory, Panthapath, Dhaka, from March 2021-September 2021. A total of 402 blood samples were collected from clinically suspected cases of allergic diseases. Quantitative detection of tIgE in serum was done by Immunoblot assay manufactured by Proteome Tech Inc. (PROTIATM Allergy-Q64S panel). Among 402 subjects, a wide variation of tIgE levels ranging from 5 to 2000 IU/ml was found but majority of the study population (30.35%) showed tIgE levels within the range of 201 - 350 IU/ml. The study population aging 1 - 10 years showed highest frequency (23.63%) in tIgE concentrations and the mean tIgE level exhibited a declining tendency with an increase in age. Depending on gender there was no difference in tIgE levels. Determination of tIgE level is imperative for screening allergic diseases. The present study enlightened the distribution of tIgE levels and suggested that among Bangladeshi subjects irrespective of gender there is an inverse relationship between tIgE level and age.

摘要： Purpose: Bone marrow and muscle adiposity have been considered to correlate with osteoporosis and Sarcopenia. Proton Density Fat Fraction (PDFF) can be measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). The purpose of the present study was to measure PDFF in the lumbar spine, paraspinal muscle and subcutaneous fat tissue. Methods: Participants were comprised of 30 patients (18 males, 12 females;age range, 14 - 87 years) who underwent MRI due to low back symptoms. PDFFs for the body of the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4), paraspinal muscle, and subcutaneous fat were measured. Results: PDFFs of the vertebral body and subcutaneous fat were significantly higher than that of paraspinal muscle (p fat between females and males, PDFFs of the vertebral body and paraspinal muscle were significantly higher in older subjects (>63 years) than in younger subjects (Conclusions: PDFF of the vertebral body was significantly higher than that of paraspinal muscle. PDFFs of the vertebral body and paraspinal muscle were significantly lower in younger subjects than in older subjects.

摘要： A study addressing the influence of type 2 diabetes on the prognosis of acute-onchronic liver failure patients was reviewed.Some statistical deficiencies were found in the reviewed article,and the sample size was too small to support the study.In addition,age should have been considered as one of the prognostic factors.

摘要： Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia found among geriatric populations worldwide and is growing quickly in low- and middle-income countries. Alzheimer’s disease affects approximately 36.6 million people, and that number is expected to double over the next two decades. Those most susceptible to Alzheimer’s are over the age of 60, though other associated factors such as sex, poor nutrition, education, impaired functional status, body mass index, diabetes, depression, smoking, alcohol, fish intake, and pesticide exposure have been reported, though none are clear. Gaining a better understanding of the etiology of AD requires multiple-site-targeted therapy to control the disease at the initial level. On the other hand, evidence suggests that risk factors for AD are modifiable. Hence reduction in associated risk factors may require very long follow-ups to make people aware of their effect on AD incidence. If these factors are effective in preventing the progression of AD, the target populations could be affected at the early stages of AD or even patients with more advanced disease.

摘要： BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).AIM To determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of NAFLD in a large cohort of patients with T2DM.METHODS Four hundred thirty-seven participants with T2DM who consulted at Meijo Hospital from April 2019 to September 2020 and underwent computed tomography(CT)were assessed.The mean age was 74±13 years,and 269 were men.Hepatic attenuation minus splenic attenuation(CTL−S)less than 1 Hounsfield unit was considered fatty liver.NAFLD was defined as fatty liver in the absence of significant alcohol consumption and hepatitis virus infection.A multiple logistic regression was used to assess the independent factors associated with NAFLD.RESULTS NAFLD was identified in 25.2%of the participants.Young age(odds ratio[OR]=−0.945;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.922–0.969),higher hemoglobin levels(OR=1.501,95%CI:1.278–1.764),lower high-density lipoprotein(HDL)cholesterol levels(OR=0.971,95%CI:0.953–0.989),and the absence of dialysis(OR=0.109,95%CI:0.014–0.856)were independent predictors of NAFLD.CONCLUSION NAFLD was detected with CT in 25.2%of the participants.NAFLD was associated with younger age,higher hemoglobin levels,lower HDL cholesterol levels,and an absence of dialysis.

摘要： Numerous risk variables,including age,medical co-morbidities,and deranged inflammatory response,lead to higher mortality in a senior population with coronavirus disease 2019.C-reactive protein(CRP),an acute phase inflammatory protein secreted by the liver,was tested in the elderly,showing a diagnostic and prognostic role.However,recent research has shed light on new applications for CRP in geriatrics.It was used as a follow-up marker and as a therapeutic target.Early and accurate identification of patients’ risks may mitigate the devastation of the invading virus in older cases and permit the implementation of a quick treatment plan for those most likely to deteriorate.

摘要： 本发明公开了一种AGE改性PVAc无醛胶黏剂主剂的制备及其使用方法，制备过程中，首先以部分PVAC与AGE反应形成活性预聚体，然后将活性预聚体与非/阴离子复合乳化剂混合加入含不同分子量PVA保护胶体水溶液反相乳化，进一步加入剩余PVAC、功能单体碳酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸异辛酯制得高固含量改性PVAC乳液胶黏剂，采用非/反应性阴离子/PVA复合乳化体系和反相乳化工艺，可以提高胶束均匀性，从而提高固含量和乳液稳定性。使用过程中，根据使用要求加入环氧固化剂，通过环氧与固化剂的反应形成PVAC分子链之间的交联，提高PVAC胶黏剂的强度。环氧基团在水中比异氰酸酯稳定且反应相对温和，胶黏剂的适用期可通过选用不同固化剂调整，从而有效解决提升强度，延长适用期的目的。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种莲蓬提取物在制备低AGEs高温烘焙食品中的应用。本发明的莲蓬提取物具有较好的抗糖化活性，在不损害食品品质的前提下，能够显著降低高温烘焙食品中的AGEs含量，可以作为天然食品添加原料应用至高温烘焙食品中，为莲蓬的综合应用开发提供了一种具有广阔前景的途径。

摘要： 本发明涉及EGCG醌应用的技术领域，具体涉及一种EGCG醌作为抗AGEs在胃肠道释放的抑制剂的应用，EGCG醌具有抗AGEs在胃肠道释放的活性。具体表现为可以有效抑制AGEs在胃肠道的释放，包括荧光性AGEs和非荧光AGEs的代表物CML。涉及的机制包括EGCG醌与糖化蛋白和消化酶之间的相互作用，抑制消化酶活性并改变糖化蛋白的构象。另外，EGCG醌对已释放的AGEs也有相当的清除作用。由此表明EGCG醌有潜力作为抗AGEs在胃肠道释放的抑制剂，可作为功能性食品添加剂，用于具有抗AGEs在胃肠道释放的功能性食品的开发，具有大的市场应用价值。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种感官品质高的低AGEs华夫饼及其制备方法，属于食品加工技术领域。本发明方法包括以下步骤：将鸡蛋分离，获得分离蛋黄和分离蛋清；将面粉过筛，获得过筛后的面粉；将黄油融化，加入全脂牛奶混匀和所述分离蛋黄、过筛后的面粉混匀，获得蛋黄浆液；于所述分离蛋清中加入白砂糖，打发至硬性发泡，获得蛋白霜；将所述蛋白霜加入所述蛋黄浆液中搅拌均匀获得浆液，取EGC醌复溶后加入至所述浆液中搅拌均匀，获得EGC醌‑华夫饼浆液；将所述EGC醌‑华夫饼浆液倒入华夫饼模具并烘烤，获得感官品质高的低AGEs华夫饼。本发明制备得到的华夫饼感官品质高；色泽、滋味、香气好，大幅减少AGEs含量。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种低AGEs的EGCG醌‑曲奇及其制备方法，食品加工技术领域。本发明方法包括以下步骤：在软化后的黄油中筛入糖粉，打发至颜色变浅体积变大；将鸡蛋液加入打发好的黄油中，再次打发；蛋液打发完成后，筛入低筋面粉和奶粉，搅拌至无干粉，制成黄油曲奇面糊；取EGCG醌粉末用水复溶后加入至黄油曲奇面糊搅拌均匀，制成EGCG醌‑曲奇面糊；将EGCG醌‑曲奇面糊均匀挤入烤盘后置于烤箱内烘烤，获得高感官品质低AGEs的EGCG醌‑曲奇。本发明制备得到的曲奇感官品质高；滋味、香气好，大幅减少了AGEs含量。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种SPF级实验大小鼠的AGEs饲料及其制作与含量测定方法。本发明AGEs饲料通过以下方法得到：将酪蛋白、玉米淀粉、玉米糊精、糖、纤维素、大豆油、胱氨酸、维生素、S10022M混合矿物质粉和酒石酸氢胆碱混合均匀并平铺，均匀加热；将加热得到的物质冷却并碾碎，并补加维生素和矿物质；将所得混合物压制定型，并真空封装；将所得封装后产品进行灭菌处理，即得所述AGEs饲料。还包含有测试高AGEs饲料各营养成分含量的检测方法，将荧光及表面荧光法和反向高效液相色谱法两种检测方法结合，可提高AGEs含量的测定准确性，也可以同时评估饲料中原有营养素的含量。

摘要： 本发明公开了茯苓多糖原花青素组合物在抑制胃肠道AGEs形成中的应用，属于保健食品或药品领域。本发明发现茯苓多糖与原花青素组合使用后能显著提升胃肠道中抑制AGEs形成的效果，且两者组合的抗氧化能力显著强于单独的茯苓多糖或原花青素。茯苓多糖与原花青素或含茯苓多糖与原花青素的组合物可用于制备抑制AGEs形成或抗氧化或治疗、延缓或改善AGEs相关疾病的保健食品或药品，在抗氧化、抗衰老、抗糖尿病等领域具有广泛的应用前景。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种具有抑制AGE生成活性的樱花粉的制备方法，该方法包含清洗、逆流提取、过滤、浓缩、灭菌、冷冻干燥、过筛等低温工艺。将逆流提取和低温膜处理相结合用于樱花的提取，全程低温工艺并采用全密闭集约化连续生产，对樱花中含有的总黄酮、咖啡酰葡萄糖(1‑O‑咖啡酰‑β‑D‑吡喃葡萄糖苷)和槲皮素葡萄糖苷(槲皮素‑3‑O‑β‑D‑吡喃葡萄糖苷)含量进行了充分保留并分离富集，充分提取活性成分，转移率高，制备出的樱花粉活性成分得率高，并采用绿色的膜材料，安全性高，有效富集活性成分，使得本发明制备的樱花粉具有显著的抑制AGE生成活性功效，AGEs生成抑制率达到58％(浓度100μg/ml时)，IC50达到了67μg/ml。

摘要： 本发明公开了木质纤维预水解产物在抑制AGEs生成中的应用，属于保健食品和药品领域。本发明发现木质纤维预水解液中含有大量木质素分子碎片，具有多酚羟基特征，能够清除自由基，从而抑制AGEs的生成。木质纤维预水解液具有抑制AGEs生成、清除自由基的应用，可用于制备抑制AGEs生成、清除自由基、延缓、改善或治疗AGEs相关疾病的食品或药品。本发明以丰富、可再生的禾本科植物为原料，利用以水为介质的预水解技术，获得绿色、安全的预水解液，对AGEs具有高效的抑制作用，在抗氧化、抗衰老、抗糖尿病等保健食品和药品领域具有广阔的应用前景。

摘要： 本发明涉及多酚重塑技术领域，尤其涉及一种多酚对AGEs成熟淀粉样原纤维重塑的方法，该方法包括：1)、bsa‑葡萄糖介导的淀粉样原纤维形成；2)、刚果红(CR)测定；3)、硫黄素T(ThT)测定；4)、凝胶电泳；5)、基质辅助激光解吸电离质谱(MALDI‑MS)；6)、Polyphenols‑f‑BSA改造/Diassembling化验；7)、原子力显微镜；8)、透射电子显微镜；9)、远紫外圆二色性(CD)；10)、分子对接。本发明达到了明确多酚重塑淀粉纤维作用机制的目的，多酚可以通过非共价相互作用将不同成熟的ages修饰淀粉样蛋白原纤维重塑为不同的聚集结构，并可以缓解ages介导的淀粉样变性。